Architectural and space-planning solutions

The design documentation provides for the construction of a complex of car dealership buildings for the sale of cars. The complex of buildings consists of existing buildings, subject to partial dismantling and reconstruction, and newly erected buildings, including a showroom and a garage, consisting of a maintenance area and a parking lot. Construction is provided in 2 stages. Stage 1 (reconstruction with expansion) includes construction 3-storey building with dimensions in the extreme axes of 28x65 m and a height of 18,35 m and the reconstruction of part of the buildings on the land plot No. 78:15:8413:13 adjacent to the newly erected building. There is a basement under part of the building. The height of the floors of the building is 6.3, 2.95 m. A garage is designed in the building, including a maintenance area with service rooms and car washes on the 1st floor and a parking lot for new cars on the 2nd-3rd floors. In the maintenance area, mezzanines are designed to accommodate a ventilation chamber and a spare parts warehouse. On the 3rd floor, a household unit for staff was designed. In the amenity block there are dressing rooms, showers, latrines and a dining room with service rooms and a kitchen. The building has a L1 type staircase and a type 3 staircase with direct access to the outside, 2 cargo lifts and 2 lifts for transporting cars between floors. Reconstruction of the adjoining part of the spare parts warehouse building consists in strengthening and changing the load-bearing structures, taking into account the new building. The fire wall separating the existing and new buildings is preserved. Stage 2 of the construction provides for the partial dismantling of the existing building and the construction of a 3- and 4-storey building on the land plots of the Cad. No. 78:15:8413:13, 78:15:8413:14. The building has a complex configuration in plan, with dimensions in the extreme axes of 47,75x53,6 m. The building consists of 2 volumes: a garage, including a maintenance area with service rooms and car washes on the 1st floor and a parking lot for new cars on the 2nd floor and a building with showroom (with a client area, administrative, household and exhibition premises). The height of public premises is not less than 3 m, the height of premises in the parking area is not less than 2,2 m. At the elevation of +13,000 m, an exploitable roof is designed to accommodate an open parking lot. The building has 2 stairwells of L1 type and a 3rd type staircase. In the client area, escalators were designed for access from the 1st floor to level +9,250 and an elevator for MGN. On the roof of the building superstructures are designed to accommodate ventilation chambers. The complex of buildings of the 1st and 2nd stages is divided into the following functional areas: exhibition area, including a presentation hall and a car shop. Several groups of premises have been designed in the exhibition area, including: premises for demonstrating cars for sale, receiving visitors, a sales department, security premises, a dining room with a kitchen and service premises, an administrative block, a restaurant with service premises. production area (service area), including areas for repair, warranty service, washing, painting, tire fitting, welding and body work with auxiliary facilities. warehouse area for storing auto parts, consumables. car inventory storage area. open car park. The height of the building from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the parapet 23,150 m. For a conditional mark of 0,000, the level of the finished floor of the first floor of the building is taken. The roof in part of the building is rolled, in part of the building it is inverted, exploited. The coating is flat, combined. Drainage - internal, on some sections of the roof - external organized. Access to the roof is provided from the stairwells. Facades of the building - wall sandwich panels painted with polymer paints, decorative trim with cladding panels, stained glass windows on an aluminum profile, mesh fencing (metal mesh or expanded metal sheet). Filling of window openings - aluminum blocks with single-chamber double-glazed windows. Internal partitions, depending on the purpose of the premises, are designed from gypsum boards, gypsum boards on a metal frame, bricks. Interior decoration is carried out in accordance with the functional purpose of the premises. The design documentation provides for measures to ensure the access of MGN to the customer service area: ramps and anti-slip coatings have been designed for the movement of disabled people. All ways of movement of MGN are provided with timely submission of information about the danger in extreme situations. On the floors of the building there are latrines with a universal cabin for MGN. A passenger elevator was designed to move between floors of the building. 

Structural and space-planning solutions

In accordance with the technical report on the survey of existing building structures, lit. A2, at the time of the survey, the building was used for its intended purpose. The existing building consists of two blocks separated by an expansion joint: a warehouse and a trading floor. The structural scheme of the warehouse block is mixed, the exhibition block is columnar. The outer enclosing load-bearing walls of the warehouse block are made of solid brick 510 mm thick. The outer enclosing wall of the exhibition block is made of solid brick 380 mm thick. According to the results of tests by non-destructive methods, the grade of brick M75, grade of mortar M25 was determined. The brick walls are in good condition. The outer enclosing walls of the exhibition block - hinged panels of the "Sandwich" type - are in working condition. Warehouse block columns - pipe 160x160x8 according to TU 36-2287-80 from steel C235, condition - operable. The columns of the exhibition block are I-beams according to STO ASChM 20-93 made of steel C245, the state is operational. The ceiling of the exhibition block is monolithic reinforced concrete in a fixed formwork made of profiled flooring H 114-750-0.8 on steel beams - I-beams according to STO ASChM 20-93 from steel C245. Technical condition - workable. The load-bearing structures of the roof of the warehouse block are steel beams made of I-beams according to STO ASChM 20-93 from steel C245. The load-bearing structures of the roof of the exhibition block are roof trusses with a span of 17,4 m, with a step of 5,0 m. the lower chord of trusses - from a round hot-rolled calibrated profile according to GOST 26020-83 from Si245 steel according to GOST 27772-88; the grate is made of electric-welded steel pipes according to GOST 2590-88 from C45 steel according to GOST 1050-88 and from a round hot-rolled calibrated profile according to GOST 10704-88 from St245 steel according to GOST 27772-88. The technical condition of the load-bearing coating systems of the warehouse and exhibition blocks was recognized as operational. As a result of drilling, it was revealed that the building was built on columnar foundations for columns and strip foundations for load-bearing walls. In the warehouse block - monolithic reinforced concrete foundations, on a natural basis. In the exhibition block, the foundations for the columns are monolithic reinforced concrete on a natural foundation, for the self-supporting enclosing wall - prefabricated concrete blocks. The absolute marks of the sole of the foundations of the warehouse block are 5.75, the exhibition block - 5.64. The laying depth is 1.65 m and 1.75 m from the level of the planning surface of the earth. When opening the foundations with pits, the absence of waterproofing was revealed. The technical condition is recognized as operational. In accordance with the conclusion on the engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the site, the basis of the existing foundations is the EGE-2 layer (loams and soft-plastic clays), which has the following characteristics: ρn=1,88 t/m3; e=0,978; cn=0,20 kg/cm2; n=13o; E=90 kg/cm2. During the inspection of the foundations, an examination of the soils under the base of the foundation was carried out, which confirmed the data. The maximum pressure on the base soil after reconstruction is 1,76 kg/cm2. The design soil resistance of the base is 2,08 kg/cm2. Verification calculations of the existing load-bearing frame structures were performed. The bearing capacity of foundations, columns and walls is sufficient to withstand design loads. The main roof beams of the warehouse and exhibition blocks meet the requirements for strength and stability, the secondary roof beams of the warehouse block do not meet the requirements for strength and stability. The building is recognized as the 1st category of technical condition. The relative mark of 0.000 corresponds to the absolute mark of 7.40. The groundwater level in the pits was found at a depth of 1,2 m from the floor level of the 1st floor at an absolute mark of 6.20. The project documentation provides for the dismantling of the outer enclosing wall of hinged panels of the "Sandwich" type along the line of the first stage adjoining. It is planned to strengthen the structure of the storage block cover by installing additional secondary beams. The assessment of the impact of the reconstruction of the existing building and the subsequent construction of stages 1 and 2 was carried out using the PLAXIS 3D software package. Additional settlement of the reconstructed building, taking into account the impact of the installation of new foundations and the construction of the 1st stage, will be 5 cm. The project documentation provides for strengthening the soils of the foundation of existing foundations by pumping cement mortar into the soil by the method of reusable injection through a number of vertical and inclined injectors using sleeve technology, installed along the propagation path of the wave of changes in the stress-strain state of the soil. The foundation soil reinforcement was developed in accordance with the recommendations of STO 36554501-007-2006 "Design and installation of a vertical or inclined geotechnical barrier using the compensation injection method." Reinforcement of the foundation soils is envisaged prior to the commencement of reconstruction works. The level of responsibility of the new building of the 1st stage is II (normal). The building system of the building of the 1st stage is monolithic reinforced concrete, the structural system is columnar, the structural scheme is a full frame. The frame columns are designed according to the grid 8,0 x 8,0 m, 8,0 x 9,0 m, 8,0 x 10,0 m, 8,0 x 11,8 m. Columns - monolithic reinforced concrete, made of class B25 concrete, section 500 x 650 mm and 400 x 700 m. Internal load-bearing walls (walls of staircases and elevator shafts) - stiffening diaphragms - monolithic reinforced concrete, 200 mm thick, made of B25 class concrete. Overlapping over the 1st, 2nd floors and the covering slab - a monolithic reinforced concrete slab made of class B25 concrete. The thickness of the floor slab in the zone of bearing on the columns is 400 mm, the thickness in the span is 200 mm. Local intermediate floors are designed as monolithic reinforced concrete in a fixed formwork made of profiled decking on steel beams. The thickness of the monolithic slab in the zone of the corrugated board rib is 120 mm, the material is B25 class concrete. Profiled flooring - H75-750-0.8 according to GOST 24045-94. Steel beams - I-beams in accordance with GOST 26020-83, channels in accordance with GOST 8240-97 from steel C245. External enclosing walls - non-bearing, from hinged panels of the "Sandwich" type 120 mm thick. The spatial rigidity and stability of the frame of the building of the 1st stage is ensured by the joint operation of columns having rigid junctions with foundations and ceilings, stiffening diaphragms and disks of floors and roofs. Stairs - monolithic reinforced concrete marches of class B25 concrete. The load-bearing structures were calculated using the SCAD 11.3 software package, taking into account the joint work of the building with the foundation. The maximum horizontal movement of the top of the building is 7,5 mm. The required fire resistance of reinforced concrete load-bearing structures is provided by an increased protective layer of concrete. Foundations - monolithic reinforced concrete ribbed foundation slab. The thickness of the slab in the span is 300 mm. Monolithic foundation ribs - with a section of 500x1100 (h) mm and 650x1100 (h) mm. Material - concrete class B25, W4, F100. Under the foundations, concrete preparation is provided with a thickness of 100 mm of concrete class B7.5. To prevent freezing of the non-buried foundation slab and base soil, the project provides for their insulation along the perimeter of the building. In accordance with the report on engineering and geological surveys, the basis of the foundations is the EGE-1 soil (filled soils), which has the following characteristics: сn = 0,29 kg/cm2; n = 20o; E = 130 kg/cm2. The average pressure on the base soil is 0,64 kg/cm2, the calculated resistance of the base soil is 2,44 kg/cm2. The maximum expected draft of the building is 12,3 cm. The new building of the 1st stage is directly adjacent to the existing reconstructed building lit. A2. Also, on the construction site there are shallow and deep subway tunnels. The assessment of the impact on the tunnels was carried out using the PLAXIS 3D software package. As a result of the calculation, additional displacements of tunnels from new construction were obtained: shallow tunnel - 15,0 mm; deep tunnels - 12,6 mm and 17,0 mm. An additional increase in pressure on the tunnel lining is: shallow tunnel - 428,1 kg/m2, deep tunnels - 3,06 t/m2 and 1,8 t/m2.