Architectural and space-planning solutions

The four-story substation building without a basement is designed in a frame design made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The size in the axes is 30x48 m. The height of the floors from the floor to the top of the floors is 2,8 m. The height of the substation building is 16,150 m to the mark of the highest point of the roof above the stairwell - 16,150 m from the mark of the adjacent territory. The building houses: First floor - directly technological premises (KRUE 220 kV, transformer, cable, shaft for lifting equipment, etc.), auxiliary premises (workshop, storage of spare parts and accessories for KRUE, storage of SF10 cylinders, etc.), amenity premises for personnel (dressing rooms, showers, etc.). The second floor - technological rooms (three rooms of current-limiting reactors, two rooms of 220 kV switchgear, technical rooms, cable shafts). The third floor is a ventilation chamber, technical and administrative premises. Fourth floor - technological premises (two accumulators with acid, two ventilation chambers, rooms for the SHPT, SCSN and TSN, a communication center, a duty room). In the halls of GIS 5,0 kV and in transformer chambers, crane-beams are provided that cover the entire area of ​​\u3,2b\u2,800bthe premises, with a carrying capacity of XNUMX and XNUMX tons. +8,400) monorails with an electric hoist with a carrying capacity of 3,2 tons are provided. For laying cables and other communications, space is provided under the raised floors and above the suspended ceilings. Raised floors with a top coating are made of antistatic vinyl. Premises of various functional fire hazards are separated by fire barriers, with fire doors equipped with seals and self-closing devices. Evacuation is provided by the stairs of type L1 (in the stairwell) and by the evacuation stairs of the 3rd type (external, open). From the first floor there is direct access to the outside through doorways and swing gates. Access to the roof is provided through the staircase. The roof of the building is flat: PVC membrane over a screed laid on Rockwool RUF BATTS mineral wool slabs, a roof with an internal drain. The frame of the substation building is a frame structure of columns and monolithic ceilings with hidden and visible beams. The staircase of the building is designed from monolithic reinforced concrete. Rigidity diaphragms are provided in the form of monolithic reinforced concrete walls. Fire protection of the main reinforced concrete beams with vermiculite plaster 15 mm thick, secondary reinforced concrete beams coated with vermiculite plaster 25 mm thick are provided. Enclosing structures - hinged wall sandwich panels of the Armax type, 120 mm thick. For laying cables and other communications, space is provided under the raised floors and above the suspended ceilings. Raised floors are designed with anti-static vinyl top coating. The interior decoration of the building is designed taking into account the operating conditions of industrial and amenity premises and sanitary and hygienic requirements. In rooms with permanent residence of people, walls and partitions are designed with cladding with glass-magnesium sheets (MLL). Partitions are designed from LSU on a metal frame with filling the internal space with mineral wool boards with further gluing with glass wallpaper for painting. The walls of bathrooms and showers are designed with ceramic tiles. Floor covering - ceramic tiles. Office space has laminate flooring. In the transformer chamber, the walls are lined with acoustic sandwich panels of element-by-element assembly with a thickness of 100 mm. In the switchgear room, the project provides for floors with a dust-removing coating that have antistatic properties (epoxy self-leveling floors). Raised floor 450 mm has been designed in the premises of the RZA, APCS, ASKUE, communication services. Raised floor slabs from Lindner consist of a calcium sulphate base reinforced with reinforcing fibres. Suspended ceilings are designed from 600x600x5 mm modular mineral fiber panels. In the shower panels 600x600x5 made of fiberglass. Windows made of PVC profiles with double-glazed windows. All window openings on the first floor are provided with roller shutters. The building is a one-storey checkpoint without a basement, with dimensions in terms of 6x9 m, the height of the premises is 2,7 m. The building houses: a checkpoint; staff room; electrical room, room for storing personal belongings; bathroom; Dryer; inspection room; weapon room; The roof of the building is gable made of profiled sheet on metal roof structures with a slope of 19%. Drainage from the coating - external organized. Foundations - tape reinforced concrete in a monolithic design. The outer walls of the building are designed from solid ceramic bricks with mineral wool insulation and decorative facade cladding made of metal siding. Partitions - from a ceramic brick. The interior decoration of the building is designed in accordance with the operating conditions of the premises and sanitary and hygienic requirements. Exterior finish - insulation with 100 mm mineral wool boards, decorative cladding of the facade from metal siding and cladding along the plinth with decorative material. Ceilings - painting with water-based paint. The floors are designed in accordance with the purpose of the premises. In rooms with a permanent stay of personnel, flooring is provided on a warm basis. The filling of the doorway of the weapon storage room is designed with a solid steel door leaf with a thickness of at least 3 mm, reinforced along the perimeter and diagonals with a steel profile with a wall thickness of at least 3 mm and a shelf width of at least 50 mm and a lattice door leaf made of a bar with a diameter of at least 16 mm with mesh size no more than 150x150 mm, welded at each intersection. Along the perimeter, the lattice door is framed with a steel corner no less than 35x35x4 mm in size. Door frame made of a profile with a wall thickness of at least 5 mm and a shelf width of at least 100 mm. Windows made of PVC profiles with double-glazed windows, all window openings from the outside are equipped with roller shutters. The blind area around the building is made of dense fine-grained asphalt concrete 1 m wide with a slope of 7% from the building. The degree of fire resistance of the entrance building is II. Pump building. The building is designed as a one-story semi-buried building with dimensions in terms of 12x13 m with tanks V = 2x185 m3. The building houses a pump room and two tanks with a volume of 185 m³. The building is designed in a monolithic design of reinforced concrete. The ceiling is designed from monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 300 mm. The roof is a non-attic gable made of profiled sheet on metal structures, with a slope of 10% with an organized external drain with electric heating. External walls with a ventilated air gap and insulation made of mineral wool boards with decorative cladding with a facade screen made of metal siding. The interior decoration of the building is designed taking into account the operating conditions (painting the walls on the prepared surface). Exterior finish - insulation with Rockwool, Venti Bats mineral wool boards 100 mm thick (for pump house) and 150 mm (for tanks), decorative cladding of the facade from metal siding and cladding along the basement with decorative bricks. External doors - metal insulated.

Structural and space-planning solutions

Substation building. Building responsibility level – II. The building was designed according to the frame structural scheme. Columns - monolithic reinforced concrete section 400x400 and 500x400 mm. The pitch of the columns is variable, the maximum pitch is 12,0x4,5 m. The concrete of the columns is B30. Exterior walls hinged sandwich panels 120 mm thick. Internal walls and partitions - brick 250 mm thick from brick KORPO 1NF / 100 / 2,0 / 25, aerated concrete 200 mm thick from aerated concrete D500, B2,5 and glass-magnesium sheets on a metal frame 120 mm thick. Ceilings - monolithic reinforced concrete slabs 300 mm thick. Concrete class B30. The coating is a monolithic ribbed reinforced concrete slab 120 mm thick. Ribs 400 mm high. Concrete class B30. Stairs - metal and prefabricated reinforced concrete steps on steel stringers. Spatial rigidity is ensured by the joint work of columns pinched in the foundations, transverse and longitudinal stiffening diaphragms (staircase walls), combined into a single spatial system by disks of interfloor ceilings. The foundations are columnar for columns and strip foundations for walls. Concrete class B20, W6, F150. The mark corresponding to the absolute mark of +0,000 m was taken as the mark of 22,65. The maximum level of groundwater near the day surface. Groundwater is slightly aggressive to concrete of normal permeability in terms of the content of aggressive carbon dioxide and the hydrogen index. The project provides for the use of low-permeability concrete of grade W6, the side surfaces of underground reinforced concrete structures in contact with the ground are protected by coating with hot bituminous mastic for 2 times. The expected design precipitation is no more than 1,5 cm, which is less than the maximum allowable. The building "PS" is designed outside the zone of influence on the existing development. Passage building. Building responsibility level - II. The checkpoint is designed according to the wall structural scheme. The outer walls are load-bearing brick walls 380 mm thick, made of silicate bricks with a plinth of solid ceramic bricks of the KORPO 1NF/100/2,0/25 brand on a M50 mortar. Partitions are made of KORPO 1NF/100/2,0/25 bricks on mortar M50 120 mm thick. The ceiling (attic) is made of prefabricated flat multi-hollow reinforced concrete slabs 220 mm thick. Floor slabs are made according to the series 1.141-1v.63. The roof is designed to be gable on metal rafters from an I-beam 20Sh1. Spatial rigidity, strength and stability are ensured by the joint work of load-bearing walls and floor disk. The mark corresponding to the absolute mark of +0,000 m was taken as a mark of 22,65. The foundations were taken on a natural basis, strip of monolithic reinforced concrete. Concrete B15,W6, F150. The base of the foundations is fine dense sands saturated with water with e=0,594, c=3 kPa, φ=34, E=340 kg/cm2 and silty sands of medium density saturated with water with e=0,65, c=1 kPa, φ= 28, E=180 kg/cm2. The design resistance of the foundation soils is not lower than R=3,15 kg/cm2. The pressure on the ground is not more than p = 1,14 kg / cm2. Preparation under the foundation - from monolithic concrete B7.5, 100 mm thick. The maximum level of groundwater near the day surface. The side surfaces of underground reinforced concrete structures in contact with the ground are protected by coating with hot bituminous mastic for 2 times. The average draft of the building is 5 mm. The entrance building is designed outside the zone of influence on the existing development. The building is combined with a pumping station with tanks V = 2x185m3.  Building responsibility level - II. The building was designed according to the wall structural scheme. External and internal walls made of monolithic reinforced concrete 300 mm thick. The ceiling is made of monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 300 mm. The roof is designed to be gable on metal rafters from a square pipe 120x80x6. All structures are designed from B25,W8, F150 concrete. Spatial rigidity, strength and stability are ensured by the joint work of load-bearing walls and floor disk. The mark corresponding to the absolute mark of +0,000 m was taken as the mark of 22,65. Concrete B25,W8, F150. The base of the foundations is silty sands of medium density saturated with water with e=0,65, c=1 kPa, φ=28, E=180 kg/cm2. The design resistance of the foundation soils is not lower than R=1,63 kg/cm2. The pressure on the ground is not more than p = 0,76 kg / cm2. Preparation under the foundation - from monolithic concrete B7.5, 100 mm thick.  The maximum level of groundwater near the day surface. The project provides for the use of low-permeability concrete grade W8. The building, combined with a pumping station with tanks, is designed outside the zone of influence on the existing building.  Open switchgear 220 kV (OSG 220 kV). The outdoor switchgear portals are made free-standing in the form of two-span U-shaped frames with hinged connection of racks with traverses and with rigid coupling of racks with foundations. The portals are designed according to the series 3.407.9-149, installed on free-standing precast concrete foundations. The foundations for the portal are mushroom-shaped prefabricated reinforced concrete according to the standard series, installed in open pits on soil compacted with crushed stone. The class for prefabricated foundations is not lower than that provided for by the type series. Concrete grade for frost resistance F150, for water resistance W6. The basis of the foundation is EGE-5 (fine dense sand, saturated with water): II=34; cII=3 kPa; E=34 MPa.  Estimated loads on the foundation: compressive - 21,4 tons; pulling out - 17,2 t.  The pressure under the base of the foundation is 8,8 t/m2.  Combined sand and oil separator. The combined sand and oil trap (CPF) is installed as part of the local treatment facilities for surface runoff from the site. CPN is a factory-made horizontal cylindrical tank with a diameter of 1,5 m and a length of 5,5 m, made of reinforced fiberglass. The tank is installed at a depth of 3,5 m from the planning surface of the soil, which corresponds to an absolute mark of 19,00. The basis is EGE 5 (fine dense sand, saturated with water): II=34; cII=3 kPa; E=34 MPa. The foundation is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab 400 mm thick made of concrete of class B15, W8, F150. Under the slab, concrete preparation is carried out from concrete of class B7,5 with a thickness of 100 mm for sand preparation with a thickness of 300 mm. Sorption post-treatment unit. The sorption post-treatment unit (SB) is installed as part of the local treatment facilities for surface runoff from the site. SB is a factory-made vertical cylindrical tank with a diameter of 2,0 m, made of reinforced fiberglass. The tank is installed at a depth of 4,77 m from the planning surface of the soil, which corresponds to an absolute mark of 17,53. The basis is EGE 5 (fine dense sand, saturated with water): II=34; cII=3 kPa; E=34 MPa. The foundation is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab 400 mm thick made of concrete of class B15, W8, F150. Under the slab, concrete preparation is carried out from concrete of class B7,5 with a thickness of 100 mm for sand preparation with a thickness of 300 mm. Control tank V=100 m3. The control tank is installed as part of the local treatment facilities for surface runoff from the site. The tank is a horizontal cylindrical tank with a diameter of 3,0 m and a length of 14,7 m, factory-made, made of reinforced fiberglass, and has a declaration of conformity. The tank is installed at a depth of 3,5 m from the planning surface of the soil, which corresponds to an absolute mark of 19,00. The basis is EGE 5 (fine dense sand, saturated with water): II=34; cII=3 kPa; E=34 MPa. The foundation is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab 400 mm thick made of concrete of class B15, W8, F150. Under the slab, concrete preparation is carried out from concrete of class B7,5 with a thickness of 100 mm for sand preparation with a thickness of 300 mm. Oil sump V=135 m3. The oil sump is a monolithic reinforced concrete tank, underground installation located at around 17,100. The rigidity of the tank structure is provided by longitudinal and transverse walls. All structural elements, walls, bottom, coating are made of monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 300 mm. Concrete B25,W8, F150. Under the slab, a concrete preparation of B7.5 concrete 150 mm thick is provided on the soil compacted with crushed stone. Concrete structures, waterproofing with Hydro S (B) penetrite and 3 layers of hydrostekloizol on bituminous mastic. The basis is EGE 6 (sand of medium size, dense, saturated with water): II=40; cII=3 kPa; E=50 MPa. The greatest stress under the sole is σ=6,58 t/m2, which does not exceed the calculated soil resistance R=44,6 t/m2. Open switchgear 35 kV (OSG 35 kV). The equipment of the 35 kV open switchgear is installed on standard building structures (supports made of SON racks) according to the standard series. Reinforced concrete prefabricated posts SON are installed in a pit with a diameter of 650 mm and a depth of 2,5 m on a cushion of crushed stone 300 m thick. The sinuses between the post and the walls of the pit are filled with coarse-grained sand with layer-by-layer compaction. Type of fastening in the ground - K-650-P according to the type series. Reinforced concrete prefabricated posts SON are installed in a drilled pit with a diameter of 650 mm and a depth of 2,5 m on a cushion of crushed stone 300 m thick. The sinuses between the post and the walls of the pit are filled with coarse-grained sand with layer-by-layer compaction. Type of fixing in the ground - K-650-P. Transformer T3 35/10 kV. The transformer is installed on a monolithic reinforced concrete shallow foundation made of concrete of class B15, F150, W6. Under the foundation, crushed stone preparation (b = 250 mm) is carried out on a sand cushion. The sand cushion is made of coarse-grained sand (b=750 mm) with thorough compaction to a bulk density of 1,7 t/m3 in accordance with the requirement of SNiP 2.09.03-85.