Architectural solutions

The building, subject to a comprehensive overhaul, is an identified object of cultural heritage, built in 1844 according to the project of architect P.S. Sadovnikov. 

Description of the external and internal appearance of the object, its spatial, planning and functional organization.

The object under repair - "P. Abramov's House" - is a two-story brick plastered house on a stone basement, made in the forms of early classicism. The front (northern) facade is located along the red line of Krasnaya Zvezda Street (formerly Stesselskaya Street). The foundations are rubble, tape. The basement of the building is lined with limestone. The ceilings are flat on metal beams, the truss system and the crate are wooden. The roof is double pitched. The roof is metal. Cornice - profiled with crackers, has a strong extension. There is a smooth frieze. The divisions of the facade of the house are emphasized horizontally by interfloor profiled traction. The front northern façade, traditionally for such buildings in the style of classicism, is accentuated by side projections with triangular pediments. The piers between the windows are finished with pilasters - on the first floor of the Doric order, on the second floor, the capitals of the pilasters have currency and two sheets of acanthus. Windows on the second floor are semi-circular. Window openings are framed with profiled platbands, the second floor has semi-circular lintels. The piers between the windows of the second floor and interstorey profiled traction are decorated with panels. The risalits are decorated with pilasters on the second floor and rusticated shoulder blades on the first floor. Window openings also with profiled architraves and semicircular lintels along the second floor. The end facades of the house have completions in the form of gables. There are windows in the tympanums of the pediments of the end facades. The southern (yard) facade has no stucco decoration. In general, the stucco elements of the building have losses. Some elements of the architectural and stucco decoration were distorted during the earlier repair work. The entrance is arranged on the courtyard (southern) facade. On the eastern facade there is a metal fire escape. Window and door fillings - wooden (door filling of the main entrance - deaf, late work), the condition of window and door fillings is unsatisfactory. There are bars on the basement windows. All gratings are late, of different designs. The historical layout and interiors have not been preserved. The facades of the building are painted yellow, the architectural details are highlighted in white. The historical coloration is unknown. However, the modern version (yellow with white stucco decoration) is traditional for buildings in the style of classicism. At the same time, we can assume that the appearance of the "House of p. Abramov" as a whole has not undergone cardinal changes over time. The facility put up for overhaul is a two-story brick building, square in plan, with an attic roof and a basement. The building has an internal staircase placed in the staircase with natural light through the windows in the outer walls on each floor and a metal evacuation staircase from the second floor along the facade along axis 8. The dimensions of the sides of the building in the axes are 19,63x20,76m, the height of the floors is ≈ 3.30m. The floor plan project provides for the placement of the necessary premises and their functional interconnection. The preschool educational institution consists of the following functional groups of premises: entrance groups of premises; group cells;  specialized premises; related premises; service and household premises. The composition and area of ​​the premises comply with the requirements of clause 4.3 of SNiP 31-06 and the design assignment.

Volumetric-spatial and architectural-artistic solutions

The existing volumetric and spatial solution of the building was left unchanged, as it meets the requirements of the terms of reference. The project provides for the placement in the building of all the necessary premises of a pre-school educational institution. The set of premises and their areas are accepted in accordance with the terms of reference, RMD 31-07-2009 and SanPiN 2.4.1.1249-03 ..

Compositional techniques for solving facades and interiors

The compositional methods of solving the facades of the building were left unchanged by the project, as they correspond to their purpose. In solving interiors, such compositional techniques as color and texture are used, which allow obtaining a different artistic effect.

Furnishing solutions

In the decoration of the premises, the Project applied the following solutions: The walls of the premises of the preschool educational institution must be smooth and have a finish that allows for wet cleaning and disinfection. They are painted with paints or use other finishing materials that have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion. The walls of the premises of the catering unit (kitchen), pantry, pantry for vegetables, refrigerated chambers, washing in a room with a pool bath, laundry, ironing and toilet rooms should be faced with glazed tiles to a height of 1,5 m; in the harvesting catering unit and halls with pool baths - to a height of 1,8 m. In the premises of the preschool educational institution, oriented to the southern points of the horizon, use finishing materials and paints of soft cold tones, with a reflection coefficient of 0,7-0,8 (pale blue, pale green), to the northern points - warm colors (pale yellow, pale pink, beige) with a reflectance of 0,7-0,6. Separate elements are allowed to be painted in brighter colors, but not more than 25% of the entire area of ​​​​the room. The surfaces of the walls of the rooms for music and gymnastics should be painted in light colors with a reflection coefficient of 0,6-0,8. For finishing ceilings in rooms with normal use, use chalk or lime whitewash. It is allowed to use water-based paint Ceilings in rooms with high air humidity (production shops of the catering department, showers, laundry, washrooms, toilets, etc.) should be painted with oil paint. The floors of the premises must be smooth, non-slip, tightly fitted, without cracks and defects; skirting boards - fit snugly to the walls and floor. In the main rooms, parquet boards should be used as flooring materials. It is possible to cover the floors with synthetic polymeric materials that allow wet treatment and disinfection. The floors in the premises of the catering unit, laundry, ironing, utility rooms, and toilets should be lined with ceramic tiles. In the rooms of the shower and laundry rooms, washing and preparation shop of the catering department, the floors should be equipped with drain ladders with appropriate floor slopes to the holes of the ladders.

Natural light solutions for occupied spaces

All rooms are provided with natural light through existing window openings. The dimensions of the existing openings correspond to the normalized KEO value for public buildings.

Architectural and construction measures to ensure the protection of premises from noise and vibration

Soundproofing of the premises is ensured by the design of partitions on a single steel frame with soundproofing from URSA boards and sheathing on both sides in two layers of plasterboard sheets that meets the standard value of the airborne sound insulation index. The floor structures provide for the use of linoleum on a heat and sound insulating substrate, and the use of lightweight concrete in floor screeds.

Solutions for decorative and artistic finishing of premises

In the decoration of the premises, the use of finishing materials of light colors in warm tones, oil and water-dispersion paints and glazed ceramic tiles is envisaged. Window frames are painted white.

Structural and space-planning solutions

The structural scheme of the building is frameless with longitudinal and transverse load-bearing walls. The spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint work of brick walls and floor disks. Foundations - tape rubble on lime mortar. Walls - external and internal on lime-sand mortar; The lintels in the basement are metal, on the 1st and 2nd floors are brick wedge-shaped and metal from rolled profiles, in the stairwell - wooden. Ceilings - on metal beams with filling from prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs BPR. Between axes 1-3/B-D, the ceiling above the basement is reinforced with metal posts and purlins made of rolled profiles. Stairs - concrete steps on metal stringers. Roofing - from galvanized steel roofing on wooden layered rafters. The technical report on the survey of engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the site has been completed. Inspection of above-ground and underground structures of the building has been completed. A survey of the foundations with a fragment of the pits found that the foundations are in working condition. According to the results obtained, the foundations are based on silty gray loams with gravel, pebbles, boulders with fragments of limestone, semi-solid with the following physical and mechanical characteristics: φ = 28о; e = 0.484; E = 350 kg/cm². To lower the maximum level of groundwater, the project provides for a drainage system. The mark of the drainage system is 2.97. The verification calculation established that the strengthening of the foundations is not required. The brickwork of the walls is generally in working condition, however, in some areas there are deformations in the form of cracks with an opening width of 2–5 mm. The compressive strength of brickwork, determined by a non-destructive method using a spring hammer PM - 3, R = 1.03 MPa. Interfloor and attic floors in working order. Metal beams are affected by surface corrosion. The load-bearing structures of the floors do not require reinforcement. Staircases and landings in working order. The rafter system requires strengthening or replacement of elements for connecting the joints of the rafter legs. The project provides: Basement waterproofing with penetrating material "Lakhta" on a monolithic concrete slab 50 mm thick made of class B15 concrete. Repair of brickwork of walls in deformation zones by injection of cement mortar. Over the newly arranged openings in the existing walls there are metal lintels made of rolled profiles. Reinforcement of existing lintels when expanding doorways from metal corners 125x8. Dismantling of wooden floors and installation of a monolithic reinforced concrete slab of class B20 concrete according to profiled H75-750-0.7 GOST 24045-94, laid on the upper shelves of existing metal beams. Basement entrance pit along axis 8: pit walls made of concrete wall blocks according to GOST 13579-78, prefabricated reinforced concrete steps according to GOST 8117.0-84. The canopy above the pit is made of galvanized steel on a metal frame. New flights of stairs descending to the basement from prefabricated reinforced concrete steps along metal stringers. Strengthening the joints of the rafter legs, replacing the crate. Roofing from galvanized roofing steel. New vestibule of the main entrance: the foundation is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab 400 mm thick. Walls made of solid clay bricks M100 on cement-sand mortar M75. Roofing from galvanized roofing steel on wooden rafters, with wood treatment with antiseptics and flame retardants. Fireproof metal stairs along axes 1 and 8. Protection of metal structures against corrosion in accordance with SNiP 2.03.11-85.