Architectural and space-planning solutions

The designed boiler house is a one-story building with a maximum plan size of 24,24 x 15,3 m and a height of 8,24 m from the planned ground level to the top of the roof. A boiler room and a diesel generator room are designed in the building. The housing cover is flat with an unorganized drain, the roof is rolled. Exterior finishing of the building - painting of sandwich panels in the factory. Between residential building 1 and building 2, at the place of difference in elevations of the territory coverage, the project documentation provides for the installation of a dividing retaining wall.

 Space-planning solutions for the boiler room

The building of the boiler house is L-shaped in plan. Dimensions of the building in the coordination axes: 23,415 x 14,84 m. The height of the boiler room to the bottom of the building structures is 6,8 m. The boiler room is designed in a supporting steel frame-braced frame. Structural saw structures - steel beams. The walls are three-layer sandwich panels. The roof is single-pitched, combined. Waterproofing layer - 2 layers of "Technoelast". Insulation - mineral wool board "Rockwall Roof Butts". The supporting element of the roof is galvanized profiled flooring H114-600-0,8. A diesel generator room is fenced off in the boiler room. The frame of the boiler room is metal, frame-bonded. Doors external and internal - metal in accordance with GOSTs, in the usual and fire-prevention versions. Partitions - "sandwich panels" 100mm thick with mineral wool insulation.

 Basic equipment.

 The following items were accepted for installation: hot water boiler unit Termotekhnik TT100-3000 kW - 2 pcs, equipped with a combined modulated burner GKP 280 M of the Oilon company; hot water boiler unit Termotekhnik TT100-2000 kW - 1 pc, equipped with a combined modulating burner GKP 150 M from Oilon. Boilers designed to operate on liquid or gas fuel, equipped with combined burners (gas-diesel). All overall dimensions of the boiler units are taken on the basis of the drawings issued by the boiler manufacturer. The selection of boiler units was made based on the provision of heat consumption for heating and ventilation at the maximum - winter mode and heat loss in heating networks. THERMOTEHNIK TT100 is a three-way steel low-temperature water-heating boilers of a gas-tube-fire type, equipped with a pressurized furnace. The boilers are designed for the production of heating hot water with a maximum temperature of 115°C at an allowable working pressure of 0,6 MPa. Boilers are used for operation only in closed heat supply systems. Rated heat output of the boiler unit brand TERMOTECHNIK TT 100 3000 - 3000 kW. Rated heat output of the boiler unit brand TERMOTECHNIK TT 100 2000 - 2000 kW. The excess working pressure of the heat carrier in the boiler is 4,1 bar, the working temperature is 110 ˚С. Efficiency: 92%.

Structural and space-planning solutions

The constructive scheme of the boiler house is frame-bonded. Frame - steel, single-span. Steel C245. External walls - hinged sandwich panels, 200 and 100 mm thick, horizontally mounted, with fastening to half-timbered houses. Columns - from rolling I-beams 20Sh1. Steel C245. Fachwerk elements and supports of the technological platform and equipment are made of closed bent-welded profiles. Beams covering the building - from rolling I-beams, single-span. Fastening of beams - bolted, hinged. The overlap of the technological platform is made of sheet steel 4 mm thick on a system of cross beams with a maximum step of secondary beams of not more than 1,2 m. Floor beams - their rolled I-beams and channels, with hinged fastening to the columns. The vertical stiffening braces of the building - from closed bent-welded profiles - are designed along the outer axes of the building in two directions. Covering - single-pitched profiled flooring SKN 157-800-1,2 on steel beams. Horizontal connections of the rigidity of the coating - from closed bent-welded profiles. The spatial rigidity and stability of the boiler house building is ensured by the joint work of the frame, vertical stiffening braces in two directions, horizontal stiffening braces and the profiled sheet of the coating. Gas ducts - pipes with a diameter of 500 mm from corrosion-resistant sheet steel 1,5 mm thick, with external insulation (layer thickness 100 mm) and protection by a casing made of galvanized steel sheet. Gas ducts - 34 m high, supported on the foundation of the building and fastened to the walls of the neighboring building with anchors through horizontal diaphragms (platforms) and brackets, in the area of ​​the attic and parapet - fastened with clamps to a steel clip. The force on the fixing anchor for pulling out is not more than 0,07 tf. Anchor pitch in height - no more than 1,2 m. Aperture pitch in height is 3,0 m. Calculations were performed using the SCAD v.11.3 software package. The calculation of the chimney design is made taking into account the dynamic effect of the wind. The mark of the floor of the boiler room, corresponding to the absolute mark of 0,000, was taken as 7.29. The foundations were developed on the basis of engineering and geological surveys carried out at the construction site. The foundation of the building is a shallow monolithic reinforced concrete slab 400 mm thick, made of concrete B25, W2, F100 and class A-III reinforcement. The absolute mark of the sole is 6.85. The pressure under the sole of the foundation of the boiler house is not more than 0,05 MPa. Preparation under the foundation - from a layer of monolithic concrete B7,5, 100 mm thick. Bulk soils at the foundation of the boiler house are partially replaced by a sand cushion of medium-grained sand with a density of at least 1,65 t/m3 to the depth of the base of the preserved foundations. The base of the sand cushion is sand, coarse, of medium density saturated with water (IGE-2) with e = 0,65, E = 30 MPa, φII = 38 ° with a design resistance of at least 0,10 MPa. The expected design settlement of the boiler house foundation is 1,9 cm. Additional settlement of the foundation of the wall of the neighboring house will not exceed 0,38 cm, roll 0,0008. The design documentation provides for monitoring of construction and surrounding development. The boiler house building was designed on the site of the dismantled boiler house building with the preservation of the existing foundations located along the foundations of adjacent buildings. The retained foundations in the zone of relief difference are reinforced with a reinforced concrete casing. To reduce the negative impact on neighboring buildings, the project documentation provides for: foundations with a standardized indent from the walls of neighboring buildings - 300 mm; excavation of the pit is provided for by grips. The survey of the dismantled building of the boiler house was completed. The 1-2 storey building without a basement was built in the 1960s. The walls are made of solid ceramic bricks 780-510 mm thick, with cracks opening up to 20 mm. Overlapping - from small-sized reinforced concrete slabs on steel beams. Covering - from reinforced concrete slabs on steel beams. The chimney is a steel pipe on its own foundation, the ventilation duct is attached to the wall of an adjacent building. Foundations - tape rubble. The condition of the structures is recognized as being of limited working capacity. Category of the technical condition of the building - 3. In connection with the identified deviations from the regulatory requirements for boiler houses, a decision was made to dismantle the building. Inspection of buildings that fall into the zone of possible negative impact on the static work of the soil foundation. The building at the address: Ligovsky pr., 63 letter A is directly adjacent to the designed building. The building is six-seven-story, built in 1909. The walls are made of solid brick 650 mm thick, with cracks opening up to 30 mm, with areas of moistening and weathering of the mortar from the masonry to a depth of 20 mm. Foundations - tape rubble. The general condition of the foundations is operable, the walls are of limited operability. Category of the technical condition of the building - 3. In accordance with the calculations, it was found that the additional settlement of the foundations of adjacent buildings will not exceed 0,38 cm, the relative difference in settlements will not exceed 0,0008.

Engineering equipment, utility networks, engineering activities

The power supply of the gas boiler house (in the courtyard area), designed in the existing building, in the normal mode is provided according to the specifications from the public electric networks of the centralized power supply system from a single source - TS (420,10 / 0,4 kV). An autonomous diesel generator is provided as the second independent mutually redundant source. In emergency mode, when the ASU is suddenly disconnected from the centralized power supply system, the power is switched to an autonomous source - a diesel generator set (DGU) with a capacity of 120 kV∙A, which is switched on automatically. The estimated power of the electrical receivers of the boiler house is 105,4 kV∙A, the category of electrical receivers in terms of power supply reliability is the second, it is provided from two independent mutually reserving sources according to the mode of the first category. The DGU is installed in a separate room in a common building with a boiler room. The grounding device of the boiler house and DGU consists of a common artificial external ground electrode and a natural ground electrode - the foundations and the floor of the boiler house building, the calculated value of the transient resistance is significantly lower than the value of the generator neutral normalized for grounding. Electricity metering devices are installed in the RUNN 0,4 kV TP 420 and on the ASU panels of the boiler room. The device of distribution and group networks - according to the standards, protective devices are installed on the panels of the ASU and local shields, lighting control devices and sockets for portable electrical receivers - on the walls. Grounding of open conductive parts of electrical equipment - through PE conductors in cables of a group and distribution network, the type of grounding system for open conductive parts is TN-S (separate), the equalization system and potential equalization comply with the standards. The adopted circuit design solutions of the electrical installation being designed ensure the electrical safety of uncategorized and operational personnel (solid insulation, shutdown of non-stationary processes, absence of contact voltage, etc.). Lightning protection of the building is provided by lightning rods on chimneys, metal elements on the roof of the boiler house and down conductor devices connected to the ground electrode system. Water supply (cold water) and water disposal of the facility's consumers is provided in accordance with: connection conditions; adjustment of connection conditions. Water supply (cold water) is provided from the public water supply network D = 300 mm along Ligovsky pr. on two inputs from pipes PE100SDR11 D=125 mm and corrosion-proof electric-welded water pipes D=129 mm (transit through the basement). At the inputs, the installation of water metering units according to the TsIRV is provided. Guaranteed pressure at the connection point - 28 m w.c. Estimated consumption of cold water - 234,71 m3 / day (feeding heating networks, filter regeneration, hot water preparation, cleaning); periodic needs - 117,7 m3 / day (filling the heating network system and the boiler circuit once a year). Water consumption for internal fire extinguishing - 1 l / s (5,0 jets of 2 l / s). The number of fire hydrants D = 2,5 mm - less than 50 pcs. The building has an integrated plumbing system. The required pressure for the integrated water supply system is 12 m of water. The integrated water supply system is ring, single-zone. For the device of the integrated water supply system, steel water and gas pipes were selected. External fire extinguishing is provided from existing fire hydrants installed on public water supply networks. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing - 23,90 l / s. Discharge of industrial wastewater in the amount of 10 m8,06 / day, periodic discharge - 3 m21,3 / day 3 time per year (emptying the system 1 time per year), rainwater with a flow rate of 1 l / s is provided for in the nearest viewing well on the network of the yard communal combined communal sewerage. Polypropylene sewer pipes were chosen for laying the general sewerage network. Industrial sewage systems (for the removal of conditionally clean effluents from boiler equipment) and external drains were designed for the building. Cast-iron sewer pipes were chosen for the construction of domestic sewage systems. The heat carrier in the heating system of the boiler house and the diesel generator room is 2,68% propylene glycol solution with a temperature of 45-95°C. Heating of the boiler room is designed to maintain a temperature not lower than +70 ° C and is solved due to heat transfer from process equipment and pipelines and the use of KSK type heaters. For heating the premises of the diesel generator room, the installation of panel radiators is provided. The devices provide for the installation of shut-off and control valves. Pipelines to heating devices are laid in thermal insulation. For the installation of the heating system, steel water and gas pipes GOST 3262-75 * and steel electric-welded pipes GOST 10704-91 were selected. In the boiler room, supply and exhaust ventilation is provided, designed for a three-fold air exchange of general ventilation, as well as providing the air flow necessary for fuel combustion. Air inflow for general and process ventilation is designed through louvered grilles in the outer enclosures. To remove air, mechanically driven exhaust ventilation systems are designed. In the diesel-generator room, general exchange supply ventilation with natural induction and exhaust ventilation with mechanical induction, designed for a single air exchange, are provided. Removal of excess heat from the diesel generator equipment is ensured. Measures for noise suppression and fire protection are provided. For the heat supply of buildings, an automated, gas, attached boiler house was designed. According to the degree of explosion and fire hazard, the boiler room belongs to category "G". The installed capacity of the boiler house is 8,0 MW. Facade glazing is provided as easy-to-reset structures at the rate of 0,03 m2 per 1 m3 of the volume of the boiler room. Heat consumers belong to the second category in terms of heat supply reliability. The boiler house is equipped with three water-heating boilers of the Termotechnik TT100 brand with a heating capacity: two boilers of 3000 kW each and one of 2000 kW with combined burners Oilon GKP-280M and GKP-150M. The estimated heat output of the boiler house, taking into account losses in the networks and auxiliary needs of the boiler house, will be 5,963 MW, including: for heating - 4,796 MW; DHWavg. – 0,549 MW; for losses in heat networks and auxiliary needs of the boiler house - 0,618 MW. The main type of fuel is natural gas QpН = 33520 kJ/m3 (8000 kcal/m3). The scheme for connecting heat networks intended for transporting heat carriers to heat supply systems is independent through heat exchangers. It is planned to control the temperature of the coolant depending on the outside air temperature. Regulation of the boilers and maintaining the necessary parameters of the coolant is provided by the automation of the boiler room. The operation of the boiler room is in automatic mode, without the constant presence of service personnel. The maximum water temperature at the outlet of the boilers is 115°C. The heat carrier at the outlet of the boiler room is water with a temperature of 95°C. To compensate for thermal expansion of water in the boiler circuit, three expansion tanks V = 1000 l and one V = 60 l are provided. Auxiliary equipment is installed in the boiler room: individual pumps of the boiler circuit IL65/120; network circuit pumps IL100/190; DHW system pumps BL40/170; booster pumps - BL50/170; plate heat exchangers for heating systems M15 - 2 pcs., each with a capacity of 3100 kW; DHW plate heat exchangers M6-MFG – 2 pcs. 1300 kW each; DHW tank V= 3 m3; chemical water treatment unit with SLI 3672 water deironing system and SLS0844 softening system and Advantage K350 reagent dosing complex. To account for the consumption of thermal energy, it is planned to install a metering unit for the consumption of thermal energy based on electromagnetic flow meters. To remove the products of combustion, metal individual gas ducts and chimneys are designed, 34 m high from the floor of the boiler room, with a diameter of DN 500 mm. The temperature of the outgoing flue gases is 190°C. The design documentation provides for thermal insulation of heat pipelines, gas ducts and equipment. Reserve fuel supply is not provided. The designed tank for diesel fuel with a volume of 0,8 m3, fuel lines and shut-off and control valves provide for the possibility of operating the boiler house on liquid fuel. Gas supply to the boiler house is provided in accordance with the specifications. The connection point is a projected polyethylene gas pipeline-inlet with a diameter of 125 mm to a closed boiler house. For gas supply to the boiler house, it is planned to lay an underground polyethylene gas pipeline of medium pressure with a diameter of 160 mm along the courtyard area to the exit to the facade of the boiler room, then a steel above-ground gas pipeline of medium pressure to the boiler house ShRP-NORD-NORVAL / 50-2 / 01 installed on the facade of the building, laying of an above-ground steel gas pipeline low pressure with a diameter of 273 mm from the ShRP to the entrance to the boiler room. The gas pressure at the tie-in point is 0,11 MPa. The gas pressure at the inlet to the boiler room is 4,85 kPa. Steel electric-welded straight-seam pipes according to GOST 10704-91, V-10 GOST 10705-80* were selected for laying. For commercial accounting of the amount of gas, a gas meter of the SG16MT type is installed. The maximum gas consumption is 993,2 m3/h.