Architectural and space-planning solutions

 The project documentation provides for the construction of an apartment building with built-in premises, with a built-in preschool educational institution (DDOU), with built-in and attached underground parking lots. The residential building is designed with 12 sections, variable number of storeys, has a broken "B"-shaped outline in the plan, which forms two intra-yard territories, one of which is closed. The basement is designed under all sections of the building. The coverage of the built-in-attached parking lots is a yard area. Sections of the building are designed as follows: sections 1, 2, 8 and 9 are twelve-story, sections 3, 4, and 5 are nine-story, including the attic floor, sections 6, 7, 10 and 11 are eleven-story, section 12 is fourteen-story. In sections 8 and 9 on the first and, partially, on the second floors, a built-in-attached preschool institution (DDOU) was designed. Built-in premises are designed in other sections on the first floors. Residential premises - apartments are designed starting from the 2nd floor. The types and number of apartments in the residential building are accepted in accordance with the apartment layout approved by the customer. In sections 2, 6, 10 and 12, through archways are designed to a height of two floors, which lead to the courtyard area. Sections 3, 4, 5 have a through passage. Sections 3, 4 and 5 are located along the Obvodny Canal embankment and form the main facade of the building. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the main facade from the planning ground level (-0,150) to the top of the crowning cornice is 25,25 meters. The greatest height of the main facade from the planning mark of the ground (-0,150) to the top of the roof ridge is 30,51 meters, to the top of the staircase parapet from the side of the courtyard - 31,67 meters. The maximum height of the vertical plane of the facade of the 14-storey section 12 from the planning ground level (-0,150) to the top of the parapet is 44,00 meters. For a relative mark of 0,000, the level of the finished floor of the first floor is taken. The height of the basement floor is designed to be 3,97 m. The height of the first floor of all sections is 3,60 m. The height of typical floors, except for sections 3, 4 and 5, is designed to be 3,0 m. The floor heights of sections 3, 4, 5 are designed as follows: 3,6 m + 3,15 m + 3,15 m + 3,15 m + 3,15 m + 3,15 m + 3,15 m + 3,00 m + (from 1,6 m to 3,00 m). In the basement floors of the sections, water metering units, pumping stations, individual heating points, ventilation chambers and part of the built-in and attached underground parking lots are designed. The built-in premises of the first floors, intended for rent, have independent entrances and exits. Built-in premises are designed without detailed technological and planning solutions. Planning solutions for premises, after determining their owners, must be agreed in accordance with the procedure established by law. DDOU is designed for 79 places. The functional purpose of the kindergarten is the daytime stay of children. All group cells have independent entrances and exits and escape routes. Separate entrances are provided for the block of medical premises and the catering department. Window blocks are designed with metal-plastic filling with double-glazed windows with opening windows and transoms. Walls and partitions are painted with acrylic paints on a pre-plastered surface. In rooms with high air humidity and in rooms with wet cleaning, wall cladding with glazed ceramic tiles is provided to a height of 1,5 m or 1,6 m from the floor, depending on the purpose of the premises. Ceilings are painted with water-dispersed paints. Suspended ceilings are designed from gypsum boards on a metal frame with voids filled with mineral wool boards. Hemmed ceilings - slatted. Floor covering is provided depending on the purpose of the premises: laminate, TZI linoleum, ceramic tiles. The floors in the group rooms are designed according to the “warm floors” system. Stairwells are designed for evacuation and communication between floors in each section: in sections 3, 4, 5 - ordinary staircases of type L1; in the remaining sections - non-smokeable staircases of the H2 type with air overpressure into the staircase in case of fire. Exits to the roof are designed from each staircase. On the height differences of the roof, the installation of metal fire escapes is provided. Each section has its own entrance-exit with a vestibule-elevator unit. In each section, two elevators with a carrying capacity of 450 kg and 1000 kg are designed.  

 Structural and space-planning solutions

 The structural scheme of the prefabricated-monolithic building is combined: in the basement and on the first floor - frame-wall; above - cross-wall. Bearing structures in the underground floors and on the 1st floor - from monolithic reinforced concrete; above: floors - from monolithic reinforced concrete, walls - from prefabricated panels of individual manufacture. Panels - with reinforcement in accordance with the calculation. Underground structures - from concrete B25, W8, F150, with full-length reinforcement with reinforcement A500C and B500, above-ground structures, including prefabricated panels of internal and external walls - from concrete B25, W4, (F50 only for balconies), with reinforcement on the entire length with fittings A500C and B500. The outer walls of the lower basement floor are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, 300 mm thick, with external insulation with a foam layer 100 mm thick. The outer walls of the upper basement floor are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, 250 mm thick, with external insulation with a 100 mm thick foam plastic layer and cladding with self-supporting reinforced concrete panels 100 mm thick. Cladding panels - based on reinforced concrete pilasters of the basement walls. The load-bearing external walls on the 1st floor are made of monolithic reinforced concrete 200 mm thick, insulated with mineral wool slabs 150 mm thick and lined with natural granite 120 mm thick, with an air gap device 30 mm thick. Anchoring of the cladding to the wall - stainless steel reinforcing anchors. Non-bearing external walls on the 1st floor - from aerated concrete blocks D450, B2, (in the blind area - from concrete blocks), 200 mm thick, insulated with mineral wool slabs 150 mm thick and faced with natural granite 120 mm thick with an air gap device 30 mm thick mm. External walls on the 2nd floor and above - from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels 160 mm thick (non-bearing 100 mm thick) with insulation with mineral wool and polystyrene foam slabs 130 mm thick and finished with a thin plaster layer. The internal walls of the basement and first floors are made of monolithic reinforced concrete 200 mm thick. Basement columns and on the 1st floor in buildings 3, 4, 5 - with a section of 400x400 and 400x600 mm, in buildings 1, 2, 6-12 - with a section of 500x500 mm. Columns on the 2nd floor and above - with a section of 400x400 mm. Internal walls on the 2nd floor and above - from precast concrete panels with a thickness of 160 mm. Concrete B25, W4, reinforcement A500C and A240. The vertical junction of the facade load-bearing wall panels with each other is rigid, looped, with monolithic cable loop outlets (TS 3587-12), installed in the side faces of the panels with a pitch of 450 mm, united by vertical reinforcement with a diameter of 12 A-III. A vertical joint 110/30 mm wide is concreted with B30 concrete. The vertical joint of facade non-bearing wall panels among themselves is rigid, looped, with monolithic cable loop outlets (TS 3587-12), installed in the side faces of the panels with a pitch of 600 mm, united by vertical reinforcement with a diameter of 12 A-III. A vertical joint 90/30 mm wide is concreted with B30 concrete. The vertical joint of the facade load-bearing wall panels with the panels of the internal walls is rigid, looped, with cable loop outlets (TS 3587-12) embedded in the side faces of the panels with a pitch of 450 mm, united by vertical reinforcement with a diameter of 12 A-III. A vertical joint 70/30 mm wide is concreted with B30 concrete. The vertical joint of facade non-bearing wall panels with panels of internal walls is rigid, looped, with cable loop outlets (TS 3587-12) embedded in the side faces of the panels with a pitch of 450 mm, united by vertical reinforcement with a diameter of 12 A-III. A vertical joint 90/70 mm wide is concreted with B30 concrete. The vertical joint of the internal load-bearing wall panels among themselves is rigid, keyed-loop, with monolithic cable loop outlets (TS 3587-12), installed with a pitch of 450 mm, united by vertical reinforcement with a diameter of 12 A500. A vertical joint with a width of 110/30, 70/30 mm is concreted with B30 concrete. Horizontal joint of load-bearing internal and external wall panels on the second floor and above - platform (for non-bearing panels - contact), with fixing the top panel on reinforcing outlets 16 A500 (pitch of outlets: in load-bearing panels -1,2 m; in non-bearing panels -1,4 XNUMX m) from the wall panel of the previous floor (on the second floor from the monolithic wall of the first floor), passing through the floor slab, with the transfer of vertical forces through the slab. Horizontal joints 20 mm thick and niches in wall panels - filled with B30 concrete. The main connections of the panels are without welding, except for the assembly fastening of non-bearing facade panels to the internal panels along the top. Ceilings and coverings of building sections - continuous slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete 220 mm thick (above basement floors - 265 mm thick). Concrete B25, W4, (for balconies W8, F150) reinforcement A500C, A240, B500C. Attic coverings of sections "3" - "5" - truss system. The rafters are made of rolled steel I-beams with a height of 200 and 300 mm (S245 steel), designed with a step of 1,0 m, with fastening to reinforced concrete floor and roof slabs. The crate is made of wooden boards with a section of 32x100 mm, the counter-lattice is made of a wooden beam with a section of 50x150 mm, installed along the rafters. Elevator shafts - from prefabricated reinforced concrete panels 160 mm thick. Elements of stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete marches and platforms made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Ventilation blocks - prefabricated reinforced concrete with floor-by-floor support on floor slabs. Balconies - with hinged structural glazing, with fastening of guides to floor slabs. The pits are made of monolithic reinforced concrete with rigid fastening to the walls of the building. The spatial rigidity and stability of the building sections is ensured by the joint work of the vertical load-bearing elements of the core with monolithic interfloor ceilings. Sections of a residential building are separated from each other by expansion joints with the construction of adjacent walls. The attached part of the parking lot is divided in length and width by expansion joints and separated from the residential building by a sedimentary joint without adjacent walls. The structural scheme of the attached sections of the underground parking lot is column-wall. All load-bearing structures are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Concrete B25, W8, F150, reinforcement A500C and B500. Columns - with a diameter of 500 mm and a section of 500x340 mm. Crossbars - prefabricated products manufactured by Peikko, steel concrete, consisting of a welded box-shaped section of a trapezoidal shape from sheet metal (C355 steel) and longitudinal reinforcement of class A500. The side faces of the crossbar wall are perforated. The lower plate of the crossbar - with cantilever ledges for supporting floor slabs. Crossbars - continuous, with hinged support on columns. After installation of the floor slabs, the crossbars and the joint of the crossbars with the slabs are concreted with B30 concrete. Crossbars are calculated and designed in accordance with the design loads. The ceiling is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete hollow core slabs 265 mm thick supported on steel crossbars manufactured by Peikko. The cladding is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete hollow core slabs 400 mm thick supported by Peikko steel beams. The slabs are accepted for the design load of 2,1 t/m2. The base plate of the crossbars is designed for the load from the own weight of the floor slabs. The full load from the ceiling is perceived due to the joint work of the base plates and concrete dowels to seal the voids in the slabs. To create a floor and cover disc, the slabs are anchored to the girders with steel reinforcing anchors, which are embedded in the joints between the slabs and pass through the girders. Spatial rigidity and stability of car parks is ensured due to the joint work of monolithic columns and walls of stairs and ramps, united by a cover and cover disk. The calculations of the building structures were made using the SCAD v.11.1 program in a finite element model. The fire resistance of structures with a fire resistance rating of R90 is ensured by setting a standardized value of the protective layer of concrete up to the axis of the working reinforcement, the fire resistance of structures with a fire resistance rating of R90 to R180 is ensured by additional structural measures. The level of responsibility of the building is the second (normal).