Architectural and space-planning solutions

Design documentation has been developed for the construction of 4 residential buildings (D1, D2, D3 and D4) and 3 parking lots (G1, G2 and G3). For a relative mark of 0,000, the level of the finished floor of the 1st floors of residential buildings D2, D3, D4 and the finished floor of the vestibule D1 was taken, which corresponds to an absolute mark of 3.75m. Residential buildings D1 and D2 - buildings of the corridor-sectional planning scheme, each of which has a rectangular outline in plan, with dimensions in the extreme axes, respectively, 74,10x15,88 (m) and 74,40x15,88 (m), consists of two blocks -sections, has a basement and a technical attic. In the basement of houses D1 and D2, heating points, water metering units, cable entry rooms, ventilation chambers, and engineering communications are designed. In the technical attic of houses D1 and D2, ventilation chambers and engineering communications are designed. Each block-section of buildings has its own entrance leading to the lobby. There are elevators in the lobby (three elevators in building D1, four elevators in building D2). Residential building D1 is a separate building of variable number of storeys (19-21 above-ground floors). Residential premises - apartments are designed from the 1st to the 18th - 20th floors. On the ground floor, in addition to apartments, there are premises for maintenance of a residential building. The height of the residential floors is assumed to be 2,80 m, the height of the basement rooms is 2,75 m, the height of the technical attic rooms is 2,30 m. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the parapet is 60,10 m. Residential building D2 consists of 28 above-ground floors and has an extension along the long side of the building - an elevated parking lot G1. Built-in public premises are designed on the ground floor, with independent entrances and exits and premises for maintenance of a residential building. Residential premises - apartments are designed from the 2nd to the 27th floors. The height of the first floor is 3,25m, the height of the residential floors is 2,80m, the height of the basement and technical attic rooms is 2,30m. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the parapet is 79,70 m. Residential buildings D3 and D4 are separate buildings of different heights (23 - 25 - 28 aboveground floors) of a sectional planning scheme, each of which consists of two block sections "1" and "2", has a broken Z-shaped outline in plan (with dimensions in the extreme axes (42,98 + 21,51) x (17,08 + 5,04 + 17,08) m), with a basement and a technical attic. The height of the first floor is 3,25 m, the height of residential floors is 2,80 m, the height of the basement and technical attic rooms is 2,30 m. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the parapet is 79,70 m. Built-in public premises are designed on the ground floor, with independent entrances and exits and premises for maintenance of a residential building. Residential premises - apartments are designed from the 2nd to the 22nd, - 24th, - 27th floors. The basement houses heating points, water metering units, cable entry rooms, ventilation chambers, engineering communications wiring. In the technical attic are located - ventilation chambers and wiring of engineering communications. Each block section has its own entrance leading to the lobby. There are elevators in the lobby: in the block-section "1" - four elevators, in the block-section "2" - three elevators. Public premises built into residential buildings D2, D3 and D4 were designed without detailed technological and planning solutions. Space-planning solutions for their adaptation must be agreed in accordance with the procedure established by law. In each block section of each residential building, non-smokeable staircases of type H1 are designed for evacuation and communication between floors. Each block section is equipped with a garbage chute. The types and number of apartments in residential buildings are accepted in accordance with the apartment layout agreed by the customer. Attached above-ground closed-type car park G1, which adjoins D2 residential building on one side, and G2 and G3 car parks on the opposite side. Parking lot G1 is a one-story building with a rectangular shape in plan, with dimensions in the extreme axes of 74,00x32,80 (m) and a room height of 3,00m. In the volume of the parking lot, security rooms and ventilation chambers are allocated. Entrance is carried out on an open double-track ramp, emergency exits - on external open stairs. On the operated roof of the G1 car park there is a fire passage and parking lots. Entrance to the operated roof is carried out by a ramp, ascent and descent - by external open stairs and a ramp. Open car park G2 - a six-story building, rectangular in plan, with dimensions in the extreme axes of 53,20x33,90 (m), to which an elevated car park G1 is attached and a closed car park G3 is built. The height of typical floors is 2,80 m. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade from the planning mark of the ground to the top of the parapet is 19,37 m. Entry is through an open single-track ramp. The movement of cars between mezzanines is carried out on ramps. For evacuation and communication between floors, 2 L1-type staircases are designed, the building is equipped with an elevator. In the G2 car park on the ground floor, the following are designed: a security room, electrical control rooms, a luggage storage room, a room for cleaning equipment, and a room for fire extinguishing equipment. Closed car park G3 is located on the ground floor under part of the building of the open car park G2 and is adjacent to the above-ground car park G1. In the volume of the parking lot, security rooms, ventilation chambers, ITP and electrical panel rooms are allocated, the height of the premises is 3,00 m. Entry and exit is carried out on an open double-track ramp, emergency exits - on external open stairs. External walls - non-bearing brick 250 mm thick and load-bearing monolithic reinforced concrete 180 - 200 mm thick with mineral wool insulation 150 mm thick, with a finishing layer of thin-layer plaster. Internal walls - monolithic reinforced concrete 200 and 180 mm thick. Partitions - tongue-and-groove gypsum boards (normal and moisture resistant) single-layer 80mm and two-layer with an air gap filled with mineral wool, (80 + 40 + 80) mm. Windows and balcony doors - metal-plastic profiles filled with single-chamber energy-saving double-glazed windows with micro-ventilation. Glazing of balconies and loggias - aluminum stained-glass construction with single glazing. Doors - metal-plastic and metal, service and wooden, glazed and deaf, in fire-prevention and ordinary design. Gates - metal insulated, lifting with electric drive. The roof is flat, combined, insulated, coated with rolled materials, in some places with a protective layer of gravel. The drain is internal. The roof over the parking lot G1 is operated flat, combined, insulated with the road surface and covered with artificial stone slabs. In the decoration of the facades, thin-layer plaster was used. Finishing of premises and floors - in accordance with the purpose of the premises: floors - porcelain stoneware, concrete, ceramic tiles, TZI linoleum; walls - plaster, water-based paint, ceramic tiles, wallpaper; ceilings - water-based paint; suspended acoustic ceilings - gypsum boards on a metal frame with mineral wool filling of voids. Measures are envisaged to ensure the accessibility of buildings and structures for the disabled and people with limited mobility. The vestibule entrance vestibules are designed with a depth of at least 1,5 m. The entrance to the G2 car park and the ascent to the roof of the G1 car park are equipped with a ramp. The ramps have a width of at least 1,20 m, a slope of 8%, sides - a height of 0,25 m, a coating - hard, non-slip. Ramps and stairs have railings with two-level handrails on both sides. Entrance doors, vestibule doors and on escape routes have a width of at least 0,9 m. In each house, at least one elevator has a cabin with dimensions of at least 1100x2100x2100 (h) with a door width of at least 0,90 m. The dimensions of elevator lobbies and vestibules, the width of floor corridors and door panels, the height of thresholds in doorways are provided in accordance with SP 35-102-2001 p.4.21 and p.4.22. There are sections of sidewalks with a lowered curb, the height of the side stone at the height difference does not exceed 0,04m.

Structural and space-planning solutions

The structural scheme of residential buildings (D1, D2, D3, D4) is a cross-wall system consisting of load-bearing internal longitudinal and transverse walls (including end walls) and pylons as part of longitudinal facade walls. In cross section, the buildings are three-span (7,66 + 1,6 + 7,96 m). All load-bearing elements are designed from monolithic reinforced concrete. Each residential building is designed from two blocks with a device between the blocks of sedimentary joints. Residential buildings D1, D3, D4 are detached, residential building D2 is designed adjacent to an above-ground car park with an expansion joint. The outer walls of the buildings are non-bearing with floor-by-floor support on floor slabs, designed from ceramic brick 1NF / 150 / 1,0 / 35 on a solution of M100 with a masonry layer thickness of 250 mm, with insulation along the facade with a layer of “Rockwool” 150 mm thick and thin plastering plaster layer "Bolix". Fastening the insulation to the brick - plate-shaped dowels. Fastening masonry to reinforced concrete walls - galvanized steel anchors. The heat-insulating facade system adopted in the project documentation must be developed at the stage of "working documentation" and have the appropriate valid technical certificate of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation. Load-bearing external walls - from monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 200 and 180 mm with insulation and finishing - according to the type of curtain walls. The outer walls of the basement are 300 mm thick with external insulation (penoplex 70 mm thick), above the blind area - 200 mm thick with external insulation (layer thickness 150 mm). Wall concrete - B40-30, W6, F100. Columns - pylons (as part of the facade walls) - with a section of 640 x 270 mm (concrete B40-B25, W6, F100). Internal walls - 200 mm thick with a decrease in wall thickness to 180 mm along the height of buildings in accordance with the calculation (in residential buildings D1 and D2 - from the 9th floor, in residential buildings D3 and D4 - from the 15th floor), in the zone of passage through the facade walls – with thermal liners (concrete F100). Step of transverse walls from 2,85 to 8,55 m. Concrete walls in residential buildings D1 and D2: in the basement and 1st floor - B30, from the 2nd floor - B25. Concrete walls in residential buildings D3 and D4: in the basement and 1st floor - B35, on floors 2-6 - B30, from the 7th floor - B25. Working armature A500S, A240. Ceilings and roofing - 200 mm thick, with thermal breaks in the area of ​​balconies, supported on 4 sides, with a maximum span of 7,69 x 8,55 (m) (concrete B25, F100, working reinforcement A500C, A240). Elevator shafts - with a wall thickness of 180 mm (concrete B30-B25), separated from the walls of the building by an expansion joint. Stair flights and landings - prefabricated reinforced concrete. Jumpers - from steel rolling corners. Ventilation blocks - prefabricated reinforced concrete, with floor-by-floor support on floor slabs. Fencing of balconies and loggias - stained-glass structures made of aluminum with fastening to floor slabs. Spatial rigidity and stability of residential buildings is ensured by the box-shaped structure of the basement and the joint work of load-bearing walls with rigid disks of monolithic floors. Structural scheme of the above-ground parking lot (G1) - frame - wall. The supporting structures of the car park are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, concrete B25, F100, W6 (W4 for coating) and working reinforcement A500C. External walls - 200 mm thick. The inner wall is 200 mm thick. Columns - with a section of 500 x 500 (mm) with conical capitals with plan dimensions of 2,0 x 2,0 (m), with a maximum step of 7,5 x 7,8 (m). The car park cover (operated roof) is a continuous multi-span slab 300 mm thick, designed for a load from fire trucks of 3,0 tf/m2. Car park G1 is divided into two deformation blocks and built between residential building D2 and a multi-level car park (G2, G3). Structural scheme of a multi-level open car park (G2, G3) - frame - wall. Car park load-bearing structures - from monolithic reinforced concrete, above-ground structures - from B30, F100 concrete and A500C working reinforcement, underground structures - from B30, F100, W6 concrete and A500C working reinforcement. Internal walls - 200 mm thick. Columns - with a section of 500 x 500 (mm), with capitals 2,0 x 2,0 (m), with a maximum column pitch of 7,5 x 7,8 (m). Elevator shaft - with a wall thickness of 200 mm, rigidly connected to the floor slabs. External walls of the car park - 200 mm thick, with plastering. Ceilings - continuous multi-span slabs 300 mm thick, along the perimeter of the outer walls - with strapping beams with a section of 160 x 1350 (h), taking into account the thickness of the slab. Concrete B30, F100, working reinforcement A500C. Flights of stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete supported on monolithic platforms. Calculations of the building structures were performed using the SCAD v.11.3 software package in a finite element model, taking into account the joint work of the building, foundations and base, and taking into account the mutual influence of neighboring blocks. The calculation confirmed the stability of buildings D1 and D2 against progressive destruction in the event of local destruction and the required fire resistance of structures. The level of responsibility of buildings is the second (normal). The mark of the floors of the first floors, corresponding to the absolute mark of + 0,000 m, is taken as the mark of 3.75. The foundations were developed in accordance with engineering and geological surveys carried out in 2010.  520/640 mm, made according to the FUNDEX technology from the bottom of the pit, without excavation, with a lost tip B30 W6, F100 and working reinforcement A-III, with reinforcement for the entire length. The absolute mark of the bottom of the piles of the residential building D1 - minus 23.50 m is taken in accordance with the occurrence of the bearing layer. The length of the piles is 23,6 m (from the bottom of the grillage). The absolute mark of the bottom of the piles of the residential building D2 - from minus 25.00 m is taken in accordance with the occurrence of the bearing layer. The length of the piles is 25,1 m (from the bottom of the grillage). The absolute marks of the bottom of the piles of the residential building D3 - from minus 24.50 m to minus 25.00 m are taken in accordance with the occurrence of the bearing layer. The length of the piles is 24,6-25,1 m (from the bottom of the grillage). The absolute mark of the bottom of the piles of the D4 residential building is from minus 22.00 m to minus 22.50 m, taken in accordance with the occurrence of the bearing layer. The length of the piles is 22,1-22,6 m (from the bottom of the grillage). The base of piles of residential buildings - sandy loamy hard (EGE14) with e = 0,29, E = 280 kgf/cm2, φn = 29°, IL = - 0,25, and for D2 and D3 and gravelly dense sands saturated with water (IGE-13) with e = 0,45, E = 500 kgf/cm2, φн = 39°. According to the results of pre-design tests of piles, carried out by a separate subdivision of the Central Committee of the Institute of Federal Industrial and Industrial Institution "Rosstro" - OJSC "Rosstro" - "PKTI" in 2010 (No. 7707), the bearing capacity of piles for residential buildings was determined to be 250 tf and the allowable design load on piles was taken to be 200 ts. The design documentation provides for control tests of piles. Piles that have passed the pre-design test are excluded from further work by felling the heads below the concrete preparation by 100 mm. Grillages of residential buildings - slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 1,05 m. The absolute mark of the bottom of grillages is + 0.10 m. Piles of the attached above-ground parking lot (G25) - prefabricated reinforced concrete composite, section 6 x 100 mm, length 500, 240, 1 m, concrete B400, W400, F17. According to the results of static probing, the design load on the piles is assumed to be 18 tf, which will be verified by tests of static (20 pcs.) And dynamic load (25 pcs.). The connection of piles with grillage is rigid. The absolute mark of the bottom of the piles of the underground car park was taken taking into account the occurrence of the carrier layer from minus 6 m to minus 100 m. , IL = 45. Parking lot grillage (G4) - ribbed slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete. Ribs - 6 mm thick, slab part - 15.15 mm thick. The absolute mark of the bottom of the grillage is + 18.15 m. Concrete B1, W8, F0,382, working reinforcement A90C. Piles of a multi-level parking lot (G2, G16) - bored, 0,49/1 mm in diameter, made using the FUNDEX technology from the surface of the earth and from the bottom of the pit, without excavation, with a lost tip, made of concrete B600, W200, F1.45, with reinforcement on the entire length. The absolute mark of the bottom of the piles is minus 25 m and minus 6 m. According to the results of pre-design tests of piles, the design load on the piles is assumed to be 100 tf. The base of the piles of a multi-level parking lot (G500 with a built-in parking lot G2) - soft-plastic silty loams (IGE3) with e = 540, Е = 90 kgf/cm2, φн = 16°, IL = 0,66 and silty loams with high plasticity (IGE11) with е = 0,69, Е = 120 kgf/cm2, φн = 16°, IL = 0,38. Grills of a multi-level car park (G2, G3) - slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete 600 mm thick. Absolute mark of the bottom of the grillages + 1.45 m and +3.45 m. Concrete B30, W6, F100, working reinforcement A500C, A240. The base of the grillages of buildings is silty sands of medium density, saturated with water (EGE 3), with e = 0,75, E = 110 kgf / cm2, φII = 26 °. The base of grillages of parking lots - alluvial soils (IGE1.2) with E \u65d 100-2 kgf / cm1,0, Ro \u2d XNUMX kgf / cmXNUMX.