Characteristics of architectural and construction solutions of the boiler room

Description and justification of the external and internal appearance of the capital construction object, its spatial, planning and functional organization. The building of the boiler house is a two-story building with a metal frame with wall "sandwich" panels. The boiler room is a room with technological equipment with a height of 2.5 m to the bottom of the floor beams on the first installation site and to the bottom of the roof beams 3.7 m from the level of the second installation site. Access to the premises at elevation +2,800 through internal and external stairs. The boiler room is planned to be automated (without permanent staff). Justification of the adopted volumetric and architectural and artistic decisions, including in terms of compliance with the limiting parameters of the permitted construction of a capital construction object. The building of the boiler house is rectangular in shape with dimensions in the axes 12.3mx8.6m. The frame of the building is made of rolled metal profiles with the location of columns along the perimeter of the building. The project provides for the placement of the boiler room and the diesel generator room on the first installation site, and the placement of the pump room on the second installation site. The boiler building has the following design solutions; Foundations - monolithic reinforced concrete slab on a natural base; Steel columns from hot-rolled I-beams; Floor beams and roofing from hot-rolled I-beams. Ceiling made of expanded steel sheet, except for the area of ​​the ceiling above the diesel generator room, where the ceiling is monolithic reinforced concrete on a fixed formwork made of profiled sheet. Concrete thickness 120mm. Three-layer wall panels of the “sandwich” type filled with a non-combustible mineral plate. Panel thickness -120mm. The roof is made of three-layer "sandwich" panels filled with non-flammable insulation (min. plate). Panel thickness 170mm. The outer surfaces of the wall panels are coated with protective paint. Color according to the color finish sheet. Roof with external unorganized drain. The adopted volumetric and spatial solutions of the object are justified by the town-planning situation, the position of the area. The metal and reinforced concrete structures of the boiler house and exhaust tower were developed in accordance with the design assignment, in relation to the conditions of construction in the city. The level of responsibility of the building is 2. Characteristics of the construction area: snowy district - III, icy district - II, windy district - II, terrain type - B, average wind speed in winter - 4 m/s, climatic district according to GOST 16350-80 - II5 (moderate), the average monthly temperature in January is 10°C, in July +15°C, the average annual air temperature according to SNiP 23-01-99* + 4,4°C. Loads accepted in the project: design snow load - 180 kgf/m2, normative wind load - 30 kgf/m2 (taking into account the increase in the load in height and the pulsation component), linear standard load from one exhaust shaft with an outer diameter of 600 mm with thermal insulation - 90 kgf/ m; loads from engineering equipment - according to the design assignment and drawings of the corresponding brands.

Metal structures of the boiler room

 The frame of the boiler building is formed by two-story single-span frames, a system of vertical and horizontal ties and half-timbered racks. The steel frames are hinged on the foundation slab and have a rigid connection of the crossbars with the uprights. The spatial rigidity of the building is ensured by the joint work of frames, girders and vertical bracing of the frame. Racks from I-beams No. 25K2, crossbars of the first floor from I-beams No. 35B1, the second - from I-beams No. 30B2. Secondary beams from I-beam No. 25B2 and channel No. 16P. Cross-shaped connections from bent-welded profiles of square section. Fachwerk is used for fastening end wall panels and sections of gas ducts. The pitch of the purlins from channels No. 18P is assigned based on the bearing capacity of roofing sandwich panels. Structural steel grade C245. The building has internal and external evacuation steel stairs. Calculations of the boiler house frame were performed in accordance with the instructions of SNiP 2.01.07-85*, SNiP 2.03.11-85, SNiP 2.09.03-85, SP 52-101-2003 in a spatial setting together with a foundation slab, taking into account interaction with the soil base. The software-computer complex (PCC) SCAD version 11.3 was used for calculations.

Metal structures of the exhaust tower

 The exhaust tower is designed as a spatial triangular truss 29,6 m high with a triangular lattice. Platforms for horizontal support of gas exhaust shafts are attached to the tower with a step of 3,7 m. The vertical load from the shafts is transferred to the lower platforms. The sections of the elements of the exhaust tower are taken from round pipes: supports 159x6 (steel C345-3), braces and spacers 76x4 (steel C245). The connections of the lattice with the belts of the tower are welded through gussets. The tower has 2 mounting joints on high-strength bolts. The calculation of the exhaust tower was performed in accordance with the instructions of SNiP 2.01.07-85*, SNiP 2.03.11-85, SNiP 2.09.03-85, SP 52-101-2003 using (PVK) SCAD.

Foundations and foundations

 In accordance with the “Technical report on engineering and geological surveys carried out for the design of the reconstruction of the boiler house, the soil of the base of the foundations of the boiler house and the exhaust tower is the EGE-2 layer of semi-solid silty clay (E = 120 kgf / cm2,  = 2,07 t / m3, e \u0,671d 0,35, c \u2d 19 kgf / cm3,  \u4d 4o) underlying layers of EGE-4 plastic sandy loam and EGE-6 hard sandy loam. Solid sandy loams (EGE-8 layer) lie at the base of foundations for diesel fuel tanks. Groundwater is confined to interlayers and lenses of sand in the base soils, moderately aggressive to W0,5 concrete, non-aggressive to W0,9, W24,0 concrete and reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures. The waters are free-flowing, found at depths of 24,8-250 m (absolute elevation 400-20). The foundation for the boiler building is a monolithic reinforced concrete low-depth slab 6 mm thick with ribs 75 mm thick. The slab has two pits for engineering communications inputs and a tray for a sewerage device. Plate material: class B400, W750, F200 concrete, class A100 reinforcement. To prevent freezing of the soil base under the foundation slab, a soil cushion is arranged from compacted medium-sized sand with a thickness of about 7,5 mm (taking into account the selected bulk soil) and crushed stone 640 mm thick, on top of which concrete preparation is performed 60 mm thick from concrete of class B30. Along the perimeter of the slab, horizontal thermal insulation 250 mm wide, 20 mm thick from XPS TechnoNIKOL 6-100 Standard slabs is laid. The protection of the internal volume of the boiler house building from water penetration from the side of the foundation slab is ensured by the use of concrete of increased water resistance, its reinforcement, taking into account the limitation of the crack opening width from the condition of limiting the permeability of structures, the implementation of waterproofing by pouring bitumen over crushed stone filling, painting waterproofing of the walls of the pits. The foundations for the exhaust tower and diesel fuel tanks are made of concrete of classes B400, W1,6, F4,08, reinforcement of class A2.01.07 and have a depth of 85 and 2.03.11 m, respectively. The calculation of the foundations was carried out in accordance with the instructions of SNiP 85-2.09.03*, SNiP 85-50, SNiP 101-2004, SP 53-102-2004, SP 2-113.06-3. Basic data and technical and economic indicators: Building area, m830.43: XNUMX; Construction volume, mXNUMX XNUMX.

Description and justification of the compositional techniques used in the design of facades and interiors of a capital construction object

The facades are laconic and reflect the internal structure and purpose of the building, do not discord with the surrounding buildings and are designed to be perceived both from a close distance and from any point in the space opening in front of the building. The use of specific compositional techniques in the design of facades is justified by the need for a holistic perception of the building. Description of solutions for finishing the premises of the main, auxiliary, service and technical purposes. Exterior finish: sandwich panels. Interior finish: exterior walls made of sandwich panels are painted by the manufacturer, frame elements should be painted according to the project instructions. Plaster the brick partition and paint with water-based paint to the full height in 2 times. Description of architectural solutions that provide natural lighting for premises with a permanent presence of people. The volumetric-spatial construction of the interiors corresponds to their technological purpose. The main rooms have large window openings to fill the rooms with natural light and provide a visual connection with the environment. Description of architectural and construction measures that ensure the protection of premises from noise, vibration and other impacts. To ensure comfortable conditions, equipment that is a source of noise and vibration is isolated in a separate room. In the room of the boiler room of category G according to SP 12.13130.2009, in accordance with the requirements of PB 12-529-03, the following measures were taken: • Partitions are provided with type I fireproof, gas-tight silicate brick with dressing and plastered on 2 sides. The room has its own exit. Fire doors with outward opening. The windows are made of single glass (easily dropped structures), the glazing area is taken on the basis of the condition of 0.03 m2 for each m3 of the room volume.

Passport boiler room.

Heat supply reliability category: 1. Category of the premises for explosion and fire hazard: "G". Location Separate boiler room. The area of ​​the boiler room, m2: 113,06. The volume of the boiler room, m3: 830,43. Installed capacity, MW (Gcal/h): 10,5 (9,03). Estimated power taking into account losses MW (Gcal/h): 10,5 (9,03). Type of main fuel: Gas with a lower calorific value of 8000 kcal/nm3. Emergency fuel: Diesel fuel with a lower calorific value of 10180 kcal/kg. Main equipment: Water-heating boilers manufactured by Viessmann (Germany) 3 boilers TERMOTECHNIK TT100 with a capacity of 3500 kW (3.01 Gcal/h) each. Burner: combined gas-diesel company "Elka" (Switzerland) -3 in/ burner ESGL 08/5000 VTZ3 DN 50; Natural gas consumption: Maximum hourly, m3/hour: 1226,9. Annual, thousand nm3/year: 3808,18. Service personnel: None. Operation is carried out by a specialized organization. Control panel in the security room.