Architectural solutions

Description and justification of the external and internal view of the capital construction object, its spatial, planning and functional organization

The project of a children's art school for 250 places for the aesthetic education of children was developed on the basis of the terms of reference for the development of design documentation for construction. The capacity of the children's art school is 250 people, adopted according to the design assignment. The project of the children's art school is made taking into account the existing development of the adjacent territory and is harmoniously integrated into the environment. The building is made in modern building structures corresponding to the technological purpose. Buildings belong to II class of responsibility, II degree of fire resistance, II degree of durability, constructive fire hazard class С0. According to the functional fire hazard, the building belongs to class F 4.1. The Children's Art School is a two-story building with a basement. The building is L-shaped in plan. The shape of the building made it possible to locate noisy rooms isolated, at a distance from rooms requiring concentration and silence, in separate parts (wings) of the building. The dimensions of the building in axes in parts (relative to the landing on the general plan): the right wing is 32,00 m x 17,00 m, the central part is 35,00 m x 30,00 m, the left wing is 32,00 m x 17,00, XNUMX m. Floor height - 4,50 m. The height of the premises in cleanliness: the first floor is 4,20 m, the second floor is 3,90 m, the basement is 2,10 m. The supporting structures of the building are a monolithic reinforced concrete frame. A three-layer self-supporting wall of two types was adopted as the external enclosing structures in the project. The first type: masonry of gas silicate blocks, 300 mm thick, with effective non-combustible mineral wool insulation, based on basalt fiber on a synthetic binder, 100 mm thick, TechnoNIKOL-Building Systems LLC, TECHNOFAS brand (TU 5762-010- 74182181-2012), with a thermal conductivity coefficient in the dry state of not more than λ3= 0,004 W / m ° C, a plaster layer of decorative plaster. The second type: a monolithic reinforced concrete wall, 200 mm thick, with an effective non-combustible mineral wool insulation, based on basalt fiber with a synthetic binder, 150 mm thick, manufactured by TekhnoNIKOL-Building Systems LLC, TECHNOFAS brand (TU 5762-010-74182181 -2012), with a thermal conductivity coefficient in the dry state of not more than λ3= 0,004 W / m ° C, a plaster layer of decorative plaster. The third type of external walls (enclosing structures from elev. +8, 600, up to the level of +11,200, along the 2' axis in the D'-I' axes, along the D' axis in the 2'-9' axes, along the I' axis in the 2'-9' axes along the 9' axes D'-I'), designed multi-layered: the inner layer, 250 mm thick, is made of ceramic bricks, KR-r-po 250x120x88 / 1,4NF / 125 / 1,4/75 / GOST 530-2012, on cement-sand solution, insulation, 140 mm thick, made of mineral wool boards of the company TekhnoNIKOL-Building Systems LLC, TECHNOFAS brand (TU 5762-010-74182181-2012), with a thermal conductivity coefficient in a dry state of not more than λ = 0,0042 W/m ° С, plaster layer of decorative plaster. The roof is flat with an organized drain. The first type of roofing is built-up roll material, the top layer is TECHNOELAST EKP (TU 774-003-00287852-99), the bottom layer is TECHNOELAST FIX (TU 5774-003-00287852-99), the insulation is foam polystyrene plates, the heat insulation is extruded polystyrene foam TECHNONICOL CARBON PROF 300, flammability group G3, Y= 28-35 kg/m3, STO 72746455-3.3.1-2012, thickness 150 mm (see. cuts 1-1, cut 2-2). The second type of roofing is built-up roll material, the top layer is TECHNOELAST EKP (TU 5774-003-00287852-99), the bottom layer is TECHNOELAST FIX (TU 5774-003-00287852-99) mechanically fixed, insulation is TECHNOROOF V60, combustibility group NG , Y= 165-195 kg/m3 (TU 5762-010-74182181-2012), 40 mm thick, mineral wool insulation TECHNORUF N30 flammability group NG, Y= 100-130 kg/m3, TU 5762-010-74182181-2012, 170 mm thick, TechnoNikol vapor barrier film (TU 5774-001-94384219-2007), profiled steel sheet grade H 75-750-0,9. Peaks are provided above all entrances to the building. Above the ground level, the project provides for facing the basement of the building with ceramic granite slabs. The building of the children's art school is an institution of additional education for children. The institution is designed to provide the necessary conditions for personal development, health promotion and professional self-determination, creative work of children and adolescents, the formation of their common culture, the adaptation of the individual to life in society, and the organization of meaningful leisure. The main activities of the children's art school: art classes, music classes, choreography, theater arts. The space-planning solutions of the Children's Art Institute building provide the possibility of autonomous and joint operation of the functional-planning groups of premises. The planning and design solutions of the Children's School of Art building provide the necessary soundproofing for groups of rooms not only in the structure of the entire building, but within each functional group of rooms. Planning solutions provide for the necessary sound insulation for the simultaneous and independent use of premises in their various combinations.

Justification of the adopted volumetric and architectural and artistic solutions

Space-planning solutions ensure the rational use of space and are agreed with the customer. The placement and layout of the premises of the children's art school are made taking into account the sequence of technological processes. When designing the children's art school, it was envisaged to combine hotel rooms into functional planning elements, based on the requirements of the technology of the educational and pedagogical process, insolation of the premises, acoustic, soundproof, sanitary and fire safety requirements. The design of the facility was carried out taking into account the needs of disabled children, according to the estimated number and mobility group of disabled people staying in the building, defined in the design assignment. All premises that are part of the children's art school, depending on their functional purpose, are divided into the following groups: educational, general school, administrative, technical and storage. The study group of premises is divided into five main functional groups: the preparatory department, the music department, the choreographic department, the theater department, the fine arts department. The educational process of the preparatory department of the Children's School of Art is organized at the expense of the premises of the main educational program (based on the music department, the choreographic department, the department of fine arts). All rooms used for conducting classes in the preparatory department are located on the first floor of the Children's Art School building. The planning decisions of the children's art school are made taking into account the combination of premises of the same purpose into sections and their distribution by floors, depending on functional, acoustic and soundproofing requirements. The shape of the building ensured isolation of noisy rooms from rooms for theoretical studies. Thus, the premises of the musical, choreographic and theater departments are located in a separate wing (in the right wing) of the building, at a considerable distance from the premises of the fine arts department, from the premises for theoretical classes, from the premises of the administrative and economic group located in the left wing, and from library located in the central part. Due to the application of the above architectural and planning techniques, as well as the use of special acoustic and soundproof materials and structures, the building managed to achieve the required acoustic comfort and create optimal conditions for the educational process. The functional and planning scheme of the music department of the children's art school assumes the location of the premises for the choir and orchestra classes (rehearsal room), music classes for individual piano lessons (with the possibility of conducting classes in the subject "Reading from a sight") mainly (with the exception of one room) on ground floor in the right wing of the building. On the second floor of the right wing of the building there are: classrooms for individual lessons on folk instruments, classes for individual lessons on wind and percussion instruments, classes for individual lessons on stringed instruments, classes for individual vocal lessons, rooms for group musical and theoretical lessons (up to 15 students, with the possibility of using it as a video, film library, screening room, and conducting classes on the subject of "Musical Informatics"). The room for group theoretical studies is located isolated from noisy rooms on the second floor of the left wing. The composition of the premises of the choreographic department at the Children's School of Art includes: two halls for rhythmic and dance classes, rooms for theoretical disciplines (on the basis of the music department), a costume workshop. At the halls for rhythmic and dancing classes in the Children's Art School, locker rooms and sanitary facilities are provided, according to the calculation, in accordance with the current regulatory documents. Dressing rooms for students are connected through a corridor intended only for the movement of students of the choreographic department, with halls for rhythmic and dance classes. The main premises of the department are located in the right wing on the first floor of the building. The composition of the premises of the department of fine arts at the Children's School of Art includes: a drawing and painting workshop, a sculpture workshop, an art history room, a computer class, storerooms at the workshops, and a room for storing the art fund. The sculpture workshop is located on the first floor of the left wing of the building and has a separate exit to the surrounding area. At the sculpture workshop, the project provides for the placement of an isolated firing department and two pantries for storing clay and gypsum. The workshop of drawing and painting and the pantry at the workshop are located on the first floor of the left wing of the building. The art history room, a storage room for still life methodological funds, a computer class are located on the second floor of the left wing of the building. The premises of the theater department include: a room for a drama circle, for classes in the subject "Fundamentals of the actor's skill", a utility room for storing costumes, rooms for theoretical disciplines (on the basis of the music department and the department of fine arts). The rooms for the drama circle, a utility room for storing costumes, are located on the second floor of the right wing of the building. Rehearsals of the musical, choreographic and theater departments will be held in the choir and orchestra room (rehearsal room) and on the stage of the concert hall. The general school group of premises includes: an entrance group of premises, a concert hall with accompanying premises, a library, a music library, a foyer-exhibition hall, halls for students to relax, corridors, vestibules, storerooms for cleaning equipment, elevator lobbies, fireproof zones and sanitary and hygienic premises. The entrance group of premises in the project is represented by premises: a wardrobe, a vestibule combined with a hall for parents waiting for students. The premises are located on the first floor in the central part of the building. According to the technological part of the project, during the period of reporting and other concert performances, the one-time capacity of the art school is 300 people (including the capacity of the concert hall). At the same time, theoretical and practical classes are not provided for this period of time. The wardrobe area in public buildings, according to paragraph 4.32 [9], is assumed to be at least 0,15 m2 per calculated visitor, total 300*0,15= 45,0 m2. The Concert Hall of the Children's Art School, with a capacity of 300 seats, is located on the first floor in the central part of the building. The accompanying premises of the hall: two dressing rooms for boys and girls (artistic), a room for performers (a room waiting for the artists to enter the stage), a utility room, sanitary facilities. The Concert Hall is designed for the following types of performances: national teams, choreographic, variety, non-staged, folk ensembles. Type of hall by appointment - concert. According to the acoustic characteristics, the type of the hall is musical with natural acoustics. The type of hall according to the form of interconnection with the stage (stage) is a hall with a traditional stage. Demonstration site complex - type B stage (stage E-3: stage width 15 m, stage depth 9 m, construction portal 10,5x5,5 m, proscenium depth not less than 1,5 m). The comfort level of the concert hall is the third. The type of hall according to the degree of transformation is stationary (without transformation). In the Children's School of Art, the project provides for the combination of the foyer at the concert hall with the exhibition hall. The foyer-exhibition hall is located on the second floor, in the central part of the building. At the foyer-exhibition hall there is a pantry for storage of exhibition stands. In the premises of the library, space was zoned into a reading room and a book depository. The library is located in the central part of the building on the second floor. On each floor of the school there are halls for students to relax. The administrative and economic group of premises includes: offices for administrative and economic personnel, a medical center, a canteen with a group of utility rooms, dressing rooms and rooms for staff, sanitary and hygienic premises, musical instrument repair shops, household equipment repair shops, warehouses and storerooms. Offices for administrative staff, a medical center, a canteen with a group of utility rooms, dressing rooms and rooms for staff, workshops for repairing musical instruments, workshops for repairing household equipment are located in a quiet part of the building, in the left wing of the building. The project provides for a separate entrance for the utility rooms of the cafeteria. The composition and quantity of sanitary and hygienic equipment is taken according to the calculation, in accordance with the current regulatory documents. The technical premises include: ITP, ventilation chambers, pumping station, switchboard. The vertical connection between the floors is carried out by means of three staircases: two of the 1st type (staircases of type L1) and one of the 2nd type. For transportation of disabled people to the level of the second floor, an elevator is provided that meets the requirements for accessibility for MGN according to GOST R 51631-2008, with a load capacity of 630 kg, with cabin dimensions of at least 1,1 m (width) x 1,4 m (depth), with doorway width 0,9 m. The staircase of the second type serves for convenient connection between the first and second floors and is an evacuation room for the foyer-exhibition hall, it has an exit through the lobby directly to the outside. Two stairwells of type L1 are located dispersed, at the ends of the building, are evacuation, have access to the adjacent territory directly outside. The basement floor has two dispersed evacuation exits directly outside. From the pumping station, located in the basement, there is a separate exit directly to the outside, along an open external staircase. The number of stairwells intended for evacuation and the distance to them meets fire safety standards. Escape exits, their number and distance to them meet fire safety standards. Evacuation from the premises is carried out through a common corridor or vestibule directly to the outside (for the first floor) or to stairwells of type L1 and directly to the outside (for the second floor). Evacuation exits are located at the ends, and in the central part of the building for the first floor, and at the ends of the buildings for the second floor. The greatest distance from the doors of the premises to the exit directly to the outside does not exceed 50 m. For evacuation from the accompanying premises of the concert hall, an additional evacuation exit is provided, directly outside through a common corridor. Separate evacuation exits are provided from the premises of the concert hall for the main category of citizens (not belonging to the category of MGN) and for a group of people belonging to the low-mobility group of the population. Thus, for each category of citizens there are two dispersed isolated evacuation exits with elev. 0.000, and one at a time from +4,500. Places for disabled people in wheelchairs (in one place no more than 3 disabled people) in order to avoid their concentration in places of evacuation are dispersed throughout the hall. At the same time, places for the disabled are located in the immediate vicinity of the evacuation zones. In the first row near the evacuation exits, the width of the passage is increased by the width of the free passage of the wheelchair for the disabled. The evacuation routes for the disabled do not intersect with the evacuation routes from the hall for the rest of the audience. The depth of the seats in the auditorium ensures the width of the aisles between the rows of at least 0,45 m. The links of the seats in the auditorium are designed with devices for fixing to the floor. For the seats in the hall, materials not classified as flammable were used, and the used upholstery, padding and cushioning materials do not belong to the T4 group in terms of the toxicity of combustion products, according to paragraph XNUMX. 5.4.13 [7]. An evacuation exit from the projection room and sound control room is provided to the auditorium through a non-combustible vestibule.