Architectural and space-planning solutions

The project documentation provides for the construction of a preschool educational institution building for 215 places. The building is 3-storey, with a basement, of complex configuration in plan. The dimensions in the extreme axes are 74,45 X 27,00 m. The level of the finished floor of the first floor is taken as a relative mark of 0,000. The height of the building from the ground to the top of the parapet is 11,79 m, the height of the stairwells is 14,54 m. The height of the premises of the 1-3 floors is at least 3,00 m. The height of the basement premises is 2,22 m. In the basement, service and amenity premises, an ironing, laundry, carpentry workshop, technical premises, a room for pool equipment are designed. For technological connection with the first floor, a service staircase with a tambour-gateway and a small freight elevator with a carrying capacity of 100 kg are provided. On the 1st floor, 4 group cells of nursery groups (for children under 3 years old), a complex of premises for a swimming pool with a bowl of 7,00 X 3,00 m, changing rooms and service rooms, a catering unit, a medical block with an insulator are designed. Group cells have independent exits to the site. At the entrances to the group cells, ramps with a fence are designed. On the 2nd floor there are 4 group cells for two middle and two senior groups (children from 3 to 5 years old), a hall for gymnastic classes with auxiliary rooms. On the 3rd floor, 4 group cells are designed - two older and two preparatory (for children from 5 to 7 years old), a hall for music lessons with auxiliary rooms. All group cells are isolated autonomous groups of rooms used by only one group: 4 - for nursery groups with a capacity of 15 children, 4 - for groups with a capacity of 20 children on the second floor and 4 - for groups with a capacity of 15-20 children on the third floor. For vertical communication between the floors, 3 L1-type staircases with access to the street, a cargo-passenger elevator with a carrying capacity of 1000 kg with the “transportation of fire departments” mode and 2 cargo lifts with a carrying capacity of 100 kg were designed. The outer walls are made of bricks, insulation facade butts "Rockwool" with a thickness of 150 mm and a front finish of plaster on a grid, followed by painting with Kivisil "Tikkurila" facade paint. The color scheme of the facades of the kindergarten building is made in accordance with the color scheme of the surrounding buildings. The basement of the building is faced with stone. Internal partitions are made of hollow brick 120 mm thick, solid brick 250 mm thick, frame-sheathed partitions made of plasterboard with internal filling with mineral wool board. Over the entrances, visors are provided to protect against precipitation. Peaks - with an external drain, metal. The interior decoration is provided taking into account the functional purpose of the premises from materials that have hygienic and fire certificates. Railings for stairs and roofs are metal. Filling of window openings - a metal-plastic profile with two-chamber double-glazed windows. Opening transoms (50% of the total glazing area) are provided in the group rooms and bedrooms. Stained-glass windows - aluminum, filled with double-glazed windows, white color. Exterior doors - insulated steel and aluminum profiles filled with double-glazed windows. Interior doors - wooden glazed with protective bars. The coating is flat, combined, with an internal drain. The roof is rolled. Access to the roof is provided from the volumes of two staircases. The project documentation provides for measures to prevent criminal manifestations, including a security room and access control; it also provides for the installation of a metal fence of the territory of the preschool educational institution with a height of at least 1,7 meters. Measures are provided to ensure the access of MGN to the building: ramps are provided for lifting to the level of the first floor, anti-slip coating on the paths of the disabled. All MGN movement paths are equipped with systems that provide timely submission of information about the danger in extreme situations. The building is provided with an elevator and a universal sanitary cabin for MGN.

Structural and space-planning solutions

Building responsibility level – II (normal). The frame of the building is designed in monolithic reinforced concrete structures. The constructive scheme of the building is column-wall, with load-bearing columns, internal walls and beamless ceilings. The outer walls of the basement are monolithic reinforced concrete, 200 mm thick, with external insulation with extruded polystyrene foam 100 mm thick and stone cladding. Internal walls - monolithic reinforced concrete 180 and 200 mm thick. The frame columns are monolithic reinforced concrete with a section of 400 × 400 mm, the main column spacing is 6,0 m. Floor slabs and coatings are monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 200 mm. In places of support on columns in the ceilings, a distribution system in the form of rolled channels was designed to prevent punching. The design of the stairs is monolithic platforms and prefabricated reinforced concrete marches. The elevator shaft is monolithic reinforced concrete.
For structures located below the 0,000 mark, concrete of class B25, F150, W6 was adopted, for overlying structures - B25, F75, reinforcement of class A400. External walls - non-bearing, with floor-by-floor support on ceilings, multi-layer, from a layer of hollow brick M100, F50 380 mm thick, with outside insulation with rigid mineral wool boards 140 mm thick and thin-layer plaster. The connection of the layers and fastening to the supporting structures of the frame is carried out by flexible connections with an anti-corrosion coating. Walls and partitions in rooms with damp and wet conditions are designed from solid brick M100 on cement-sand mortar M75. Bearing structures of the pool are designed from monolithic reinforced concrete class B25, W6. Thickness of walls and bottom 200 mm. The supports of the pool bowl are pylons with a section of 600 x 200 mm. The spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint work of vertical elements united by floor disks. The static calculation of the load-bearing structures of the building was performed using a software package. The required fire resistance of reinforced concrete load-bearing structures is confirmed by calculations. The foundations are piled, with strip grillages for walls and free-standing grillages for columns, 500 mm high, united by a 250 mm thick slab, made of monolithic reinforced concrete, concrete class B25, F150, W6. Under the grillage, concrete preparation is provided from concrete of class B7,5 with a thickness of 100 mm for sand preparation with a thickness of 100 mm. Pairing of piles and grillage is rigid. Piles - driven, prefabricated reinforced concrete, section 400 x 400 mm, made of concrete class B25, W6, F100. The design load on the piles, equal to 67 tf, was adopted based on the results of static sounding. In accordance with the report on engineering and geological surveys, the tip of the piles is immersed in the EGE-11 soil (silty gray dense sands saturated with water, with the characteristics of E=340 kg/cm2; e=0,500). The expected settlement of foundations is close to zero. The project documentation provides for testing of four piles with a static load. In order to protect the concrete of underground structures from the aggressive effects of groundwater, it is planned to use low-permeability concrete, waterproofing structures with two layers of isoplast, and waterstops. To prevent freezing, the walls of the basement are insulated with an effective insulation.