Architectural and construction solutions

Description and justification of the external and internal appearance of the capital construction object, its spatial, planning and functional organization.

The existing building was designed in 1964 by the design institute LENPROEKT on the basis of a standard project 2Lg-02-2/63 developed by LENZNIIEP. The U-shaped building with a four-story main part and two two-story and one-story adjoining wings has dimensions in the axes of 72x42m and a floor height of 3,3m in the main part and 6,5m height of the halls in the adjoining wings. For the mark 0,000 in the project, the mark of the clean floor surface at the entrance to the premises of the first floor is taken, which corresponds to the mark: + 1,100 - from the ground level, + 22,80 - absolute mark. Under the entire building there is a technical underground and partly basement rooms for the placement of technical equipment. The height is variable. The project does not provide for changing the technical underground and basements. The building is made in the form of a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame. The columns are reinforced concrete. External enclosing structures - expanded clay concrete panels, internal ones are supposed to be made of aerated concrete with a thickness of 100-200 mm. The building is provided with reinforced concrete tee-section stairs: two for communication in the main part and one for communication in the two-story part of the adjoining wing. Ceilings - reinforced concrete panels. The roof is gable with slopes up to 5% to ensure water flow into the storm funnels. Arranged on a prefabricated reinforced concrete base with a coating of two layers of rolled material. The roof is equipped with an external drainage system. The project provides for a metal roof fencing 700 mm high and equipping it with safety hooks. Access to the roof is provided through existing hatches from the main stairs. The building is equipped with centralized heating, domestic and drinking water supply, sewerage, electricity. The building being designed is supposed to accommodate the following premises and functional areas: Entrance group; Premises for staff; Educational premises; Sanitary facilities; Sports hall with auxiliary facilities; Assembly hall with auxiliary premises; Kitchen area with dining area.

Justification of the adopted space-planning and architectural solutions

The building is provided with seven independent exits: from the side of the main (south) facade - from the recreation area directly to the street, from the side of the western facade - from the kitchen premises; from the northern facade of 2 staircases and a sports hall, from the eastern (internal) facade of a staircase and a corridor. For access for people with limited mobility, two ramps with slopes of 1:12 are provided. In the school building, the stay of people with limited mobility is provided only on the first floor. The decisions made during the overhaul of the school building are designed to improve the working conditions of employees and students, as well as to eliminate defects and damage to the building. Facades should be made with external insulation and subsequent finishing with porcelain stoneware (ventilated facade). It is supposed to use 3 colors: the main one is light, for the plinth - dark granite, the inserts are lighter than the plinth. The vertical finishing of the porches and ramps is made of porcelain stoneware for the plinth.  Since the object is being designed in a yard area and the surrounding buildings are residential buildings, the decision on the design of facades and interiors was made simple, concise and economically feasible. Used finishing materials must have fire and sanitary-hygienic certificates. Walls and partitions. Partitions are installed on the surface of "black" floors and mounted to the existing draft ceiling. As finishing materials for walls and partitions, the following are provided: water-based paint on plaster and wall ceramic tiles in wet and kitchen and utility rooms, wallpaper for painting in educational and administrative rooms. Ceilings and floors. For a mark of 0,000 in the project, the mark of the surface of the finished floor of the first floor is taken. The project involves the installation of new floors with the replacement of the existing screed on the floor slab and the laying of insulation on the ground floor. As floor coverings are provided: in the gym - sports flooring; in the assembly hall - parquet; in the director's office and reception room - laminate; in classrooms and administration offices - linoleum; in other rooms - floor tiles, ceramic tiles; in bathrooms and wet rooms, waterproofing is arranged with an overlap on the walls to a height of 300 mm. Ceilings. In the assembly and sports halls, auxiliary and similar rooms, vestibules and rooms for cleaning equipment - painting with waterproof paints. In rooms with wet processes in bathrooms, showers, washing rooms, locker rooms - metal-plastic slatted ceilings. In all other premises (educational and administrative premises, corridors) - suspended on a metal frame of the "Armstrong" type. Windows and doors. Doors: external - metal-plastic and metal insulated; internal - in fire-prevention walls and partitions metal fire-prevention self-closing with condensed vestibules. Internal - in the electrical panel room, pantries - metal fire-prevention self-closing with sealed porches. internal - the rest are wooden oar. Windows: external metal-plastic, filling - two-chamber double-glazed window; internal in fire-prevention partitions glass deaf fire-prevention. Premises with permanent occupancy are designed with existing openings to provide natural light. The project provides for the installation of metal-plastic window blocks with double-glazed windows in existing window openings. To provide natural lighting in the corridors, it is planned to arrange light pockets. To provide the premises with protection from internal noise, the project provides for the installation of partitions made of foam concrete, which provides the necessary sound insulation, and to ensure noise protection between floors through the ceiling in the floors, it is planned to lay the soundproof material "Stenofon".

Constructive decisions

Underground repair. Clean from corrosion and apply an anti-corrosion coating to all metal elements in the nodal joints of the technical underground. Perform reinforcement of the beam support node on the column in the axes "26" / "P" (see sheet KP-8). Perform drainage to lower the groundwater level around the building according to a separately developed project by a specialized organization. Perform waterproofing of the outer walls (see sheet KP-10). In connection with the need for an additional exit from the basement, the project provides for the reconstruction of the staircase node in / about "P" - "R" (see sheets KR-3 ... KR-6). For the installation of a new OV system, 2 new holes are made in the floors in the ceiling of m / o "A" - "B" (see sheets KR-7 and KR-8) Restoration of the bearing capacity of monolithic sections and floor slabs. Remove weakened concrete and concrete, under which reinforcement corrosion is visible (open corroded reinforcement), with a water-jet installation under a pressure of at least 250 atm with preliminary preparation by perforators. The strength of the repaired concrete should be at least 15 MPa to ensure the joint work of the repair staff and the repaired structure. Remove concrete around reinforcing bars to provide access; Remove corrosion products from reinforcement by water sandblasting or sandblasting; Apply an anti-corrosion compound to the reinforcement; Install additional reinforcing mesh dia. 5 with a cell 50x50; Apply the repair compound by gunning when repairing ceiling structures without formwork; Provide moisture care for freshly laid material. Above ground repair. In connection with the widespread destruction of the external entrances to the building, new designs of entrance nodes have been developed. The structures are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The foundations of the entrance nodes are tape, located perpendicular to the building in order to exclude additional impact on the existing foundations. Canopies over the entrances and railings are standard and must be agreed with the design organization upon purchase. Places where there are shrinkage cracks in concrete, as well as concrete chips, should be repaired with special cement-based repair compounds. The choice of composition should be made depending on the thickness of the applied layer (in place). Due to the significant destruction of the brickwork of the exits to the roof, it is necessary to dismantle the existing structures and make new walls in the same geometric parameters. See AP drawings for outlet cross-sections. Coating. The halls of the building are covered with reinforced-cement shells of double curvature with a barrel-type transverse vault. The dimensions of the shell in the plan are 3x12 m, the total height is 0.7 m. A layer of mineral wool insulation is laid on top of the shells, a leveling layer of cement-sand screed and several layers of rolled waterproofing material are arranged over it. The complex surface of the roof above the halls does not properly remove atmospheric precipitation, which leads to stagnation of water on the roof with subsequent infiltration into the body of the roof. In this regard, the project provides for the installation of a new coating over the left and right wings of the building. The new coating design consists of wooden beams with a section of 150x50, laid with a step of 600 on equal-shelf corners 140x10. The location of the support angles is shown in the drawing KR-21. For each arch there are 3 corners under the beam. The load on the reinforced cement shells from the new coating is less than from the existing roofing structures at the moment, therefore, recalculation for the bearing capacity of the shells is not required. The collection of loads is presented. Before starting work, it is necessary to dismantle the existing screed and waterproofing. The corners are laid on a cement-sand mortar to distribute the load on the roof and are attached to the roof with M10 studs. Along the main beams with a step of 300 mm there is a crate of 40x100 bars. On the battens - fiber cement boards 8 mm thick in 2 layers. Laying in a run. Building facades. Repair of eaves slabs and enclosing structures, where reinforcement is exposed, should be carried out according to the technology specified in paragraph “1.3. Restoration of the bearing capacity of monolithic sections and floor slabs. General instructions for the installation of metal structures. This project was completed at the KM stage. All welded joints according to GOST 5264-80 with E-42 electrodes according to GOST 9467-75*. All seams h=6 mm, except as specified. The material of the structures is steel C 255. Before installation, cover all structures with a layer of soil. After all installation work is completed, clean the welded seams from slag, clean the metal surfaces from rust and cover with a primer of the GF-021 type. The total thickness of the anti-corrosion coating must be at least 50 microns.