Architectural solutions

The preschool site is located in the center of the residential development of the quarter. The building is a three-story volume with successively decreasing in terms of 2 and 3 floors. The building has a complex configuration, the forming elements are four volumes of group cells oriented in three directions. This configuration is dictated, first of all, by considerations of providing rooms for children with the necessary insolation. The building is made in a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame from products manufactured by OAO PO Barrikada, the outer walls are made of three-layer reinforced concrete. panels 400 mm thick. The designed building is intended for daytime stay of 215 children in 12 groups of different ages.

Three nursery groups:
- 1 group, 10 children (health)
- 2 groups, 30 children (general developmental)
Nine preschool groups:
- 1 group, 15 children (health)
- 2 groups, 40 children (general developmental)
- 2 groups, 40 children (general developmental)
- 2 groups, 40 children (general developmental)
- 2 groups, 40 children (general developmental)
On the first floor of the building there are 4 group cells, a pool block with a 3x7 meter bath, a catering unit and medical facilities. On the second floor, in addition to 4 group cells, there are halls for gymnastics and music classes. On the third - 4 group cells and administration premises. In the exploited basement there are engineering communications, technical rooms and a laundry block. All rooms have an internal connection provided by floor-by-floor corridors, three stairwells and an elevator with a lifting capacity of 1000 kg. The building is equipped with two more freight elevators with a carrying capacity of 100 kg. for lifting food and linen. The project provides for measures to ensure the accessibility of people with limited mobility. The facades of the building are designed in a traditional style for this type of structure. The combination of different-sized window openings with vertical steps and large ripples in plan create complex plasticity from geometrically simple volumes. The color scheme of the facades is dictated by the obedience to the general color scheme of the quarter and is designed in soothing light blue tones. A distinctive feature of the proposed exterior is the appearance of large color spots. The stylized clouds are designed to draw attention to this building, diversify the general interior background and point to the building's childhood affiliation.

Structural and space-planning solutions, structural calculations

Initial data
1. Architectural and planning task.
2. Conclusion on engineering and geological surveys of the PEI construction site.
3. Current regulatory documents.
4. Specifications for the use of basic building structures and materials.

Structural characteristics of the designed building

The preschool building with a swimming pool for 215 people has a complex configuration in plan with maximum dimensions along the extreme axes of 70,8 x28,2 m. One, two and three-story with a floor height of 3,3 m and a basement height of 2,85 m. The degree of responsibility of the building -II. Basement structures (walls and floor slab) - monolithic reinforced concrete. The structures of the pool are monolithic reinforced concrete made of B25 W8 concrete, the ceiling above the pool is ribbed sanitary slabs according to the series 1.242.1 KL-1, which do not have hidden voids and cavities. The rest of the structures are designed in a tie frame of series 1.022 KL-2 with a mixed arrangement of frames made of standard prefabricated prefabricated reinforced concrete elements manufactured by JSC PO Barrikada for a payload of 800 kg/m2 for ceilings and roofs. The project adopted the following basic architectural and design rules for the location of modular axes and the binding of structural elements to them:
- grid of frame columns in the direction of crossbars 3,0; 4,2; 6,0; 7,2.
- in the direction of floor slabs 3,0; 4,2; 6,0; 9,0.
- floor height - 3,3 m.
- basement height - 2,85 m.
- all alignment axes coincide with the axes of the columns
- axes of load-bearing internal walls (diaphragms of rigidity) coincide with the axes of columns.
- the thickness of the floor structures is assumed to be 270 mm.
The grid of columns is determined by the distance between the alignment axes, and the floor height is determined by the distance from floor to floor of floors adjacent in height. Rigidity, stability and geometric invariability of the building are ensured by the work of frames together with stiffening diaphragms installed in the plane and from the plane of the frames and rigid pinching of the columns in the foundation. Rigidity and geometric invariability of the floor and roof disc is ensured by the installation along the axes of the columns of slabs - struts that have welded joints with crossbars using metal connecting elements and, together with the crossbars, form a geometrically invariable contour of the horizontal floor (cover) disk. The space between the slabs - spacers is filled with ordinary multi-hollow slabs with hinged support on both sides without welded joints and working only in compression in the horizontal disk system. External walls - self-supporting three-layer panels 400 mm thick. Stairs - prefabricated reinforced concrete marches with semi-platforms, based on stiffening diaphragms and stair crossbars.