Structural scheme of the building

This project documentation provides for the construction of a building for a preschool educational institution (DOE). The preschool educational institution is a two-story building with a basement (under the entire building) of predominantly rectangular shape in plan. The dimensions of the building in plan are 49.5 m x 29.1 m at the extreme corner points. The height of the building is 12.1 m from the bottom of the foundation slab to the top of the reinforced concrete slab of the main pavement and 14.8 m from the bottom of the foundation slab to the top of the reinforced concrete slab of the stairwell cover. Along the “I” axis, the building is divided into two parts by an expansion joint separating a one-story underground fragment located in the I-K/1-5 axes from the main part of the building. The height of the first and second floors is 4 meters, the height of the main part of the basement is 3.2 meters. The height of part of the basement in the axes I-K / 1-5 is 2.5 meters. Stairwells with access to the roof, located in the axes В/1-Ж/4-6 and В/1-Ж/10-12, are separated from other rooms by load-bearing monolithic walls. The relative elevation of the top of the foundation slab of the main part is -3.300, the part located in the I-K / 1-5 axes is -3.450. The relative mark 0.000 corresponds to the absolute mark in the Baltic system of heights +4.350. Part of the basement is a technical underground with a clear height after backfilling and screed - 1.75 meters. The structural scheme of the preschool educational institution is frame-wall with beamless flat slabs. All load-bearing structures (foundation slab, floor and roof slabs, walls, piers, flights of stairs) are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The thickness of the floor slabs is 200 mm, the stair landings are 180 mm. The thickness of the roof slabs is 200 mm, with the exception of the roof slab of a one-story underground fragment located in the axes I-K / 1-5 - 250 mm. Bearing walls of stairwells and basement walls 200 mm thick, external load-bearing walls of the first and second floors - 160 mm. The walls are rectangular in plan with a thickness of 200 mm and a length of 500 to 1000 mm. There are also separate columns with a section of 500 × 500 mm. The placement and cross-section of the walls and columns are taken in order to maximize the optimization of planning solutions. The outer walls are made of monolithic reinforced concrete with a face brick cladding resting on a protruding reinforced concrete element located at the level of the basement walls.

About the analysis model

The calculation of the building frame and the selection of reinforcement of the main load-bearing elements was carried out using the certified software calculation complex "SOFiSTiK". Certificate of Authenticity and Certificate of Compliance included in app. B [14]. The calculated finite element (FE) model of the building includes the main load-bearing structural elements: soil foundation, foundation slabs, walls, walls, floor slabs and coatings, stair transition platforms. In the calculation model, all the main holes and openings were taken into account. The walls were modeled by bar FE with the assigned sections of the elements; foundation slab, floor slabs and coverings, walls and stair transition platforms - by shell FE. The interface between the piers and floor and roof slabs was modeled by absolutely rigid bodies corresponding to the dimensions of the cross sections of the piers. The connection between the piers and the foundation slab is rigid. The stiffnesses of all FE models were taken according to the actual geometric dimensions of the sections, reduced to the axes of the rods and the median planes of the plates. The influence of concrete creep was produced by considering a variant of the design scheme with a reduced modulus of elasticity, taking into account the creep coefficient in accordance with clause 6.1.15 [7]. According to the results of the calculation, the necessary reinforcement of the supporting structures was established, and the displacements were evaluated.