General information.

The cattle farm includes the construction of the following buildings and structures: an administrative building with a built-in diesel boiler room; sanitary passage with a disinfection barrier; garage parking for agricultural equipment with a repair bay; veterinary station; feed preparation shop; art.wells(2pcs); block transformer substation; silo trench for 3000 tons (5 structures); cremator; slaughterhouse; hangar for livestock (4 structures); feeding tables (6 structures); sheds for keeping young animals (4 structures); walking areas for 75 animals (16 pcs.); walking areas for 100 heads (8 pcs.); manure storage warehouse (lagoon) 2 pcs. The designed complex is designed to support 2000 heads of beef herd. The designed beef cattle farm is designed to house up to 2000 heads and is intended for the production of beef sold in live weight. The entire technological process consists of three technological periods: keeping cows with calves, raising young animals and fattening them. The technology used for the farm is based on the use of low-cost analog foreign technologies for beef cattle breeding, adapted to the conditions of the Sakhalin region. The concept of design and construction of this complex is based on the technology of free-stall housing of cows with suckling calves in lightweight premises, on open walking areas with sheds and feeding tables, as the simplest one, ensuring high productivity of beef cattle, low cost and labor productivity. The complex plans to keep predominantly “Hereford” meat breeds. Characteristics of the adopted technological production scheme and individual parameters of the technological process. On the designed cattle farm, a technology with a full production cycle is used: raising calves by suckling up to 6-8 months of age, followed by their rearing and fattening to a live weight of 450-550 kg at the age of 16-18 months. Rearing and fattening are carried out on year-round open-type areas, equipped with feeding tables with canopies, group drinking bowls, lightweight rooms and canopies with free access of livestock to walking and feeding areas, fenced with windproof fences. This technology is recommended for farms with moderate and high arable land and a strong feed base. It is characterized by a brigade system of labor organization, stall-pasture keeping of breeding stock with full provision of it with the necessary premises. The production unit is a herd of 850 cows. Features of the technology are year-round calving and flow-shop movement of cows in the production cycle, the essence of which is that deep-pregnant cows are taken to the maternity ward, where they are kept until the calves reach 10-15 days of age. Then the cows and calves are transferred to the next section or room for 3-3,5 months. During this time, the cows are inseminated, after which they, together with the calves, are transferred to a section for subsequent rearing of calves until 6-8 months of age. In the same section, cows are examined for pregnancy, then pregnant cows are transferred to the section of deep-pregnant cows, and dry cows are culled. After weaning, calves are transferred to sites for raising replacement young stock, and super-replacement young stock are transferred to sites for fattening beef cattle. The technology involves intensive rearing of heifers and their insemination at the age of 14-16 months. This technology is recommended for the main highly productive breeds of beef cattle, such as Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, and Charolais.