Architectural and space-planning solutions

Design documentation has been developed for the construction of apartment-type dormitory buildings located on a territory free from development. The hostel consists of three buildings (building A, building B and building C) located on the site in a checkerboard pattern. The entrances to the buildings are designed from the side of the courtyard. The functional purpose of each designed building is an apartment-type hostel. The type of each projected building is a residential apartment building. Building A - a two-section five-storey hostel with a basement, without an attic, a rectangular broken outline in plan with dimensions in the extreme axes of 58,40x14.80 m. The height of the basement premises from floor to ceiling (clean room height) is designed to be 1,90 m, the clean room height of the ground floor rooms is 2,55 m, the clean room height of standard floors is 2,57 m, the clean room height of the fourth floor is - 2,99 m The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade from the planning ground level (-1.39) to the top of the building parapet is 16,72 m. For a relative mark of 0,000, the level of the finished floor of the 1st floor of the building is taken. In the basement, technical rooms, cable, water metering unit, ITP are designed. Residential floors are designed from the first to the fifth floors. On the first floor, an electrical panel room and a concierge room are designed. For evacuation and communication between floors in each section, stairwells of the L1 type are designed, which have exits to the territory adjacent to the building. Roof exits from stairwells and metal fire escapes at the height differences of the roof are provided. Each section has its own entrance and exit. The outer walls of the basement floor to the top of the blind area are monolithic reinforced concrete, insulated with foam slabs. The outer walls of the basement above the top of the blind area are monolithic reinforced concrete, insulated with foam plexi boards, followed by stone cladding. External load-bearing walls - three-layer: monolithic reinforced concrete, insulated with mineral wool slabs and with a finishing layer of silicate hollow brick. External non-bearing walls - two-layer: aerated concrete blocks with floor support and with a finishing layer of silicate hollow brick. Internal walls are monolithic reinforced concrete. The walls of the stairwells are monolithic reinforced concrete. Depending on the purpose of the premises, the internal walls are designed with an additional partition made of tongue-and-groove slabs through a mineral wool slab (MWP), or through an air gap, or with an additional partition made of aerated concrete blocks. Intra-apartment partitions - gypsum tongue-and-groove blocks. Windows and balcony doors - metal-plastic profiles with double-glazed windows with built-in air inlets. Glazing of stained-glass windows of staircases - metal-plastic profiles filled with single-chamber double-glazed windows with opening sashes. Glazing of balconies - stained-glass aluminum structure with single impact-resistant glazing. Doors - metal and wooden, glazed and deaf, fire-resistant and conventional. The roof (cover) of the building is flat, combined, insulated, with a roof made of rolled materials, in some places - with a protective layer of gravel. The drain is internal. Peaks - painted metal. In the decoration of the walls of the facades, textured silicate bricks of light yellow color are used. In the decoration of the walls of the basement, a concrete stone with a chipped front surface is used. The interior decoration of the premises and floor covering are designed in accordance with the purpose of the premises: floor covering - from latex cement-concrete, from ceramic tiles, from TZI linoleum, from concrete; walls - painting with general purpose enamels, facing with ceramic tiles, wallpapering; ceilings - water-based or adhesive painting; acoustic suspended ceilings - Armstrong slabs on a metal frame with mineral wool filling of voids. Building B and building C are designed by analogy with building A and fully comply with the accepted design, space-planning, architectural and artistic solutions of building A. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade of building B from the planning ground level (-1,40 m) to the top of the building parapet is 16,73 m. The greatest height of the vertical plane of the facade of building B from the planning ground level (-1,37 m) to the top of the building parapet is 16,70 m. Types and quantitative ratio of apartments are accepted in accordance with the apartment layout agreed by the customer. Measures are envisaged to ensure the accessibility of the building to disabled people and people with limited mobility. The dimensions of the vestibules, the width of the floor corridors and door panels, the height of the thresholds in the doorways are designed in accordance with SP 35-102-2001. Entrances are designed with a ramp. Ramps have a width of at least 1,00 m, a slope of 8%, sides - a height of 0,25 m, a fence - with handrails in two levels, a coating - hard, non-slip. There are sections of sidewalks with a lowered curb, the height of the side stone at the height difference does not exceed 0,04 m.

Structural and space-planning solutions

The structural scheme of the five-story two-section buildings of the hostel is cross-wall. All supporting structures are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, concrete B25, W4, F75, working reinforcement A400, A240 in (basement - concrete B25, W8, F75, working reinforcement A400, A240). Non-bearing external walls - from aerated concrete blocks of the type "H + H" D600, B3,5, 375 mm thick with external insulation (layer thickness 100 mm) and finished with a thin-layer plaster layer with painting. Masonry of aerated concrete blocks - on glue, with fastening to reinforced concrete walls with flexible reinforcing anchors made of corrosion-resistant steel. Fastening the insulation to aerated concrete - dish-shaped dowels. The heat-insulating facade system adopted in the project documentation must be developed at the stage of "working documentation" and have the appropriate valid technical certificate of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation. Load-bearing external walls - from monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 160 mm with insulation (layer thickness 150 mm) and finishing like non-load-bearing walls. The outer walls of the basement of the floor are made of monolithic reinforced concrete 300 mm thick, with external insulation with a foam layer 100 mm thick, in the area of ​​the blind area - with a reinforced concrete console, above the blind area - lined with Melikon-Polar concrete stone 120 mm thick (concrete B15, F50) . Internal load-bearing walls - from monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 160 mm, step of transverse walls from 2,6 to 5,2 m. The parapet is made of solid ceramic bricks 1NF/100/2.0/50 according to GOST 530-2007, 380 mm thick. Masonry - on mortar M50. Ceilings and roofing - continuous slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete 160 mm thick, along the perimeter - with thermal breaks. Balconies and loggias - with structural glazing, the guides of which are fixed to the floor slabs floor by floor. Elements of stairs: marches - prefabricated reinforced concrete, platforms - from monolithic reinforced concrete. Ventilation shafts - prefabricated reinforced concrete bulk blocks. Lintels - prefabricated reinforced concrete and reinforced cement. Porches, ramps, pits are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, separated from the buildings by an expansion joint. Concrete B25, W8, F75, working reinforcement A400, A240. The spatial rigidity and stability of the hulls is ensured by the rigid coupling of all the load-bearing reinforced concrete elements of the core and the joint work of the load-bearing walls with hard disks of monolithic floors. Calculations of hull structures were performed using the Lira-Sapr 2013 PRO software package using finite element analysis. The fire resistance of structures is confirmed by calculation. The level of responsibility of the corps is the second (normal). The service life of the hulls is assumed to be at least 50 years (Table 1 and clause 2.12 of GOST R 545257-2010). For a mark of 0,000, the mark of the floor of the first floor is taken, corresponding to the absolute for building "A" and building "C" - 4.45, for building "B" - 3.45. The foundations of the buildings were developed on the basis of engineering and geological surveys. Foundations - slabs on a natural base. Foundation slabs - from monolithic reinforced concrete 400 mm thick. Concrete class B25, W8, F75, working reinforcement class A400, A240. The absolute mark of the bottom of the foundation slabs of building "A" and building "C" -1.78, building "B" - 0.78. The base of the foundation slab of building "A" is heavy silty refractory loam (IGE-3) with e=0,729, E=110 kgf/cm2, φII=17°, IL=0,38 and light silty semi-solid loam (IGE-4) with e=0,385, E=140 kgf/cm2, φII=28°, IL=0,08. The base of the foundation slab of building "B" is light silty semi-solid loam (IGE-4) with e=0,385, E=140 kgf/cm2, φII=28°, IL=0,08. The base of the foundation slab of building "B" is heavy silty refractory loam (IGE-3) with e=0,729, E=110 kgf/cm2, φII=17°, IL=0,38. The pressure under the sole of the foundations will not exceed 1,248 kgf/m2, the calculated resistance of the foundation soils is not less than 1,963 kgf/m2. Preparation under the foundations - a layer of monolithic concrete B7,5 100 mm thick, along a layer of sand 400 mm thick (for building "B" - 200 mm). For concrete preparation, a waterproofing layer was designed from two layers of rolled material with a protective layer of cement-sand screed 40 mm thick. The maximum level of groundwater is at the surface of the earth. Groundwater is non-aggressive towards concrete of normal permeability. Protection of the building from groundwater and dampness: drainage; box-shaped basement construction made of W8 concrete; arrangement of a closed circuit of pasting waterproofing of underground structures. The expected average design settlement of the foundations of the buildings is 37,46 mm (the maximum is 51,5 mm), the relative difference in settlement is 0,0017. Construction is envisaged on a territory free from development, with the location of the buildings at a distance of more than 40 m, outside the zone of negative influence on the static work of the soil base.