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The buildings of healthcare institutions include a variety of objects that are intended for scientific and practical activities aimed at maintaining and strengthening people's health, preventing and treating diseases. Today they are represented by a wide range of different types of facilities: outpatient clinics, feldsher-obstetric stations (FAPs), dispensaries, maternity hospitals, pharmacies, hospitals, polyclinics, ambulance stations, sanitary and epidemiological stations, medical research institutes and academies. Regardless of the development system of the medical complex, the site is divided into the following main functional areas: entrance (reception of patients, flows of visitors); medical, or the main destination, where medical buildings are located; hospital park and economic zone. In modern design and construction practice, pavilion, centralized (or compact) and combined methods of compositions are used. The hospital is considered as a complex of ten main structural divisions, different in their purpose and planning and technological solutions, namely: reception and discharge departments, tent departments, treatment and diagnostic departments, central sterilization, pathological and anatomical department, food preparation service, laboratories, administrative and amenity premises, pharmacy, laundries. Some subdivisions, in turn, consist of departments or groups of premises. The hospital has 3 separate entrances: for receiving patients, visitors, and for business purposes. The space-planning structure of the hospital should ensure the rational organization of the treatment process, taking into account the following basic requirements:

- mutual isolation of all departments;

- convenient interconnection of departments, capable of providing rational organization of treatment of patients;

- the optimal orientation of all rooms according to the sides of the horizon (90% of the wards are oriented to the south or southeast, and operating rooms and dressing rooms are oriented to the north).

Inpatient departments, polyclinic and general department can be solved in three options:

- the hospital occupies the main building from the first to the top floor, and the polyclinic and the general department are located in the central block of the hospital;

- the hospital occupies the main building, and the polyclinic is placed in a separate wing of the hospital or attached and connected to the hospital by common departments;

- the hospital occupies the upper floors, and the polyclinic and the general department are lower.