Architectural and space-planning solutions

The project documentation provides for the construction of a 5-storey building of a dental clinic. The building is rectangular in plan, with the largest dimensions in the extreme axes of 14,5x51,0 m, and has a height of 20,0 m from the planning ground level to the top of the parapet. The building has 5 above-ground floors and a technical underground for laying engineering communications. The height of the technical underground is 1,8 m. The mark of the clean floor of the 0,000st floor of the building is taken as a relative mark of 1. On the 1st floor of the building, the following are designed: an entrance group, a security room, dressing rooms, a reception desk, an emergency room, toilets, storage rooms, utility rooms and engineering and technical rooms, including an ITP, a water metering unit, and an electrical panel room. The building is designed with an elevator group of 2 elevators with a carrying capacity of 1000 kg and 630 kg without an engine room and small cargo hoists for medical materials 2 pieces with a carrying capacity of 100 kg each. From the second to the fourth floor, dental rooms, an operating block, dental laboratories, storage rooms, treatment rooms, an X-ray room, ancillary rooms and toilets are designed. On the 5th floor, administrative premises, a conference room, a dining room, a ventilation chamber are designed. On each floor there is also a universal sanitary cabin for the disabled and a room for cleaning equipment. The height of the floors is 3,6 m. The volume of the building from the 2nd to the 5th floor protrudes above the 1st floor in the area of ​​the main entrance, forming an overhanging part that protects the porch from precipitation. For communication between floors and evacuation, the building has 2 staircases of the L1 type, which have direct access to the outside. Walls - ventilated facade system with porcelain stoneware cladding. Glazed sections of the facades - facade glazing system, aluminum profiles with double-glazed windows. Windows - metal-plastic blocks with double-glazed windows. Plinth - clinker tiles imitating brickwork. Covering - flat, combined, roofing - rolled, with an internal drain. Access to the roof is via an external metal staircase. Interior decoration - depending on the purpose of the room. Partitions - GKL and GKVL on a metal frame filled with mineral wool, aerated concrete, brick. The project documentation provides for measures to ensure the life of the disabled and people with limited mobility. The paths of movement of the MGN along the site are designed as a natural continuation of the external paths of movement. At the intersection of the sidewalk with the roadway, ramps are arranged with a reduced height of the side stone - no more than 4 cm. The entrance to the building is carried out from the sidewalk mark along ramps with a standard slope. Entrances to the building are equipped with unhindered access to the MGN, including vestibules and doors of standard sizes. The platforms at the entrances to the building have a canopy and a drainage system. All areas of the building intended for visitors are designed with accessibility for MGN. A universal sanitary cabin and fire-safe zones are provided on each floor of the building.

Structural and space-planning solutions

The building was designed according to the frame structural scheme of monolithic reinforced concrete. Building responsibility level – II. The spatial rigidity of the building is ensured by the joint work of the columns and stiffening cores formed by the walls of the staircases and the elevator unit in combination with the unchanging horizontal disks of reinforced concrete floors and roofing. Frame columns - section 40  40 cm. Walls of stairs and elevator shafts - 180 mm thick. Ceilings and roofing - beamless slabs of monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 180 mm with protruding sections of floors, above the main entrance, starting from the ceiling above the 1st floor and above, based on cantilevered monolithic reinforced concrete beams. The outer walls of the technical underground are three-layer: from monolithic reinforced concrete 200 mm thick, a layer of insulation with an outer reinforced concrete layer 120 mm thick, above ground level, with porcelain stoneware cladding. Concrete of monolithic structures of the above-ground part of the building B25. Concrete of monolithic structures of the underground part of the building B25, W6, F100. External walls - non-bearing, with floor-by-floor support on floor slabs, made of solid brick M75 on mortar M50, 380 mm thick and a layer of insulation, followed by cladding with a ventilated facade. Structural solutions for fastening the ventilated facade system to the supporting structures of the building are developed in the working documentation in accordance with the current technical certificate of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation. Stairs are designed from monolithic reinforced concrete. The calculation of load-bearing structures was performed by specialists using the SCAD 11.3 software package, taking into account joint work with the foundation. The relative elevation of 0,000 corresponds to the absolute elevation of +14.55 m. The foundation of the building was adopted on a natural basis. The foundations are designed as a monolithic reinforced concrete slab 500 mm thick made of concrete B25, W6, F100. Under the foundation, concrete preparation is provided with a thickness of 80 mm on a gravel-sand mixture of 300 mm. At the base of the foundation slab there are hard-plastic loams with soft-plastic interlayers, EGE 1 (E=110 kg/cm2; e=0,669; IL=0,43). The expected average settlement of the building is 5,3 cm. The specialists surveyed the surrounding buildings. Buildings are assigned to the 2nd category of technical condition. The distance to the nearest building is 19,6 m, which exceeds the depth of the compressible basement of 14,82 m. No impact on the surrounding development is expected.

Engineering equipment, utility networks, engineering activities

In accordance with the agreement on the implementation of technological connection to electrical networks, two independent mutually redundant power supplies for the electrical receivers of the dental clinic are the 1st and 2nd sections of the RU-6kV Substation 220/110/35/6kV No. 28. The point of connection to the city electrical networks is set in switchgear-0,4 kV 2BKTP "New" with 2 transformers of 630 kVA each. The power supply of the building is provided from 0,4 kV switchgear 2BKTP through two mutually redundant 0,4 kV 2AVBBShv-1-4x150 cable lines, each 80 m long. The main consumers of electricity in the polyclinic are: electric lighting, elevators, medical equipment, ventilation, communication networks, outdoor lighting. With regard to the reliability of power supply, the complex of electrical receivers of the polyclinic belongs to the 2nd category; emergency lighting electrical equipment, elevators, fire-fighting equipment, communication network equipment - to the 1st category. Restoration of power in the event of a power failure from one of the sources for power receivers of the 1st and 2nd categories - automatic, by the device AVR MSB-0,4 kV. The power supply scheme adopted in the design documentation satisfies the requirements for the reliability of power supply to electricity consumers of the facility being designed. The estimated electrical load is 435,75 kVA, including the load of the 1st category of 61,85 kVA. The distribution of electricity is provided through the MSB-0,4 kV, power distribution boards, lighting boards, ventilation boards. For the distribution and group network, the VVGng-LS cable was selected; for networks of fire protection systems and emergency lighting - VVGNG-FRLS. All cables and wiring (starting from the main switchboard) in three-phase networks are five-core, in single-phase networks - three-core. The equipment of switchgears and electric networks was checked for long-term permissible load, for the time of disconnection of the damaged section by protection devices, for voltage losses, for heating, for short circuit mode. The security system was adopted by TN-CS with a device at the entrances to the GZSH building, re-grounding of neutral wires, main and additional potential equalization systems. The lightning protection mesh (10x10 m) is laid on the roof and connected by down conductors to the artificial ground electrode. Area lighting is provided by: UMA100 luminaires installed on the facades of the building (h=6,0 m). Commercial metering of electricity is provided at the inputs of the MSB-0,4 kV by meters EA-05 RAL4. The main energy-saving measures are: reactive power compensation up to tg f=0,1, use of fluorescent lamps with electronic control gear, limited use of incandescent lamps, automatic control of territory lighting. Water supply (cold water) and water disposal of the consumers of the facility is provided in accordance with the conditions of connection. Water supply (cold water) is provided from public water supply networks D = 200 mm through one inlet from pipes PE100SDR17 (with a laying depth of 2,0 m to 2,1 m, with a total length of 54,9 linear meters) D=110 mm. At the input, a water-measuring unit is provided according to TsIRV 02A.00.00.00 (sheets 50,51). Guaranteed pressure at the connection point - 36 m w.c. Estimated consumption of cold water - 5,52 m3 / day, including: for household and drinking needs (including for the preparation of hot water for the period of shutdown of the centralized hot water supply) - 5,38 m3 / day; for irrigation of the adjacent territory - 0,14 m3/day. Water consumption for internal fire extinguishing - 2,5 l / s. The building has an integrated plumbing system. The number of fire hydrants D=50 mm - less than 12 pcs. Required pressure for household and drinking needs - 25,3 m of water column, for the needs of internal fire extinguishing - 30,87 m w.c. The integrated water supply system is a dead-end, single-zone. Steel and metal-polymer water pipes were chosen for the installation of the integrated water supply system. For irrigation of the territory, along the perimeter of the building, watering taps D = 25 mm are installed. External fire extinguishing is provided from fire hydrants D = 125 mm installed on public water supply networks. Water consumption for external fire extinguishing - 20 l / s. Hot water supply (DHW) is centralized. The preparation of hot water for the DHW system is provided in the ITP. For the period of disconnection of the centralized hot water supply, an electric water heater is designed. Estimated consumption of hot water for household and drinking needs - 1,84 m3/day Hot water temperature (Тз) – 65°С. The required pressure for the hot water supply system is 23,82 m of water. Hot water supply system - ring, single-zone. For the installation of a hot water supply system, galvanized steel and metal-polymer water pipes were selected. Disposal of household wastewater in the amount of 5,38 m3/day and rainwater with a flow rate of 6,0 l/s is provided for in the designed intra-site networks of combined sewerage and further to the communal networks of combined sewerage D = 250 mm along the street. Vavilov. Polypropylene sewer pipes were selected for laying a network of combined sewerage (with a laying depth of 1,0 m to 2,44 m) D=160 mm and D=200 mm with a total length of 16,0 running meters. and 152,4 running meters, respectively. Wastewater treatment is provided with the help of filter cartridges installed in storm water wells. Household sewerage systems and internal drains have been designed for the building. For the device systems: domestic sewage, polyethylene and cast iron sewer pipes were selected, internal gutters selected steel water and gas and cast iron sewer pipes. Heat supply is provided in accordance with the Connection Conditions. The connection point is the designed chamber UT-1 on existing heating networks. The heat load of heat consumption systems at DHWmax is 0,461 Gcal/h. The heat carrier is water with Т1/Т2 = 150/70°С. Design pressure at the connection point: Р1-Р2 = 1,6 kgf/cm2, Р2 = 4,2 kgf/cm2. The heat supply scheme is two-pipe. Laying of the heating network - underground, channelless, at the corners of rotation and under the roadway - in the channel. For laying a heat network, it is planned to use steel pipelines in accordance with GOST 10704-91 in PPU-345 insulation with a system for operational remote monitoring of insulation moisture and associated drainage. It is planned to install bellows expansion joints in the area of ​​the existing heating network from UT-10 to the designed UT-1. Compensation for thermal elongation of pipelines of the heating network from UT-1 to the ITP of the dental clinic was solved due to the angles of rotation of the pipelines. To receive thermal energy, adjust the parameters of the coolant and supply heat to consumers, an individual heating point with automatic devices, a set of shut-off and control and safety valves, a heat metering unit and pumps is provided. The scheme of connection of heat consumption systems is dependent. DHW - open water intake with circulation. The heat carrier for heating and ventilation systems is water with a temperature of 80-60°C. The heating system of the administrative, amenity and medical premises from the first to the fifth floor is a two-pipe vertical one with horizontal wiring on floors with associated water movement with distribution of the supply and return lines in the basement. Separate branches of horizontal two-pipe dead-end heating systems are provided for heating the technical underground and stairwells. Heating devices - hygienic steel panel radiators with automatic temperature controllers (treatment rooms), convectors and electric convectors (in the switchboard and technical rooms). It is planned to install insulating shields in front of the heating devices in the treatment room of the X-ray room. For the installation of heating systems, steel water and gas pipes were selected according to GOST 3262-75, electric-welded pipes according to GOST 10704-91 (mains), as well as metal-polymer pipes (floor-by-floor wiring). Shutoff and control valves - according to the "Danfoss" type. The main pipelines are provided in thermal insulation. Ventilation - forced-air and exhaust with mechanical and natural motivation. Ventilation systems are designed autonomous by groups of premises, depending on their purpose. The air consumption for the premises is determined according to the sanitary norm of outdoor air per person, according to the calculation for the assimilation of excess heat and according to the standard multiplicity. The organization of the movement of air flows is solved in such a way as to exclude the flow of air from more polluted rooms to clean ones. Independent ventilation systems are provided for the operating room, dental laboratories, X-ray department, physiotherapy department, dental offices, CSO, conference room, bathrooms, showers, technical rooms. Air conditioning units have 100% redundancy. In addition, the air supplied to operating rooms is additionally purified in bacteriological filters. At the entrances to the building, it is planned to install air-thermal curtains with water heaters. During the warm period of the year, class A and B rooms are provided with a central air conditioning system based on a refrigeration machine (chiller) and ventilation closers (fan coils). Ventilation closers are of medical design, built into the space above the false ceiling. Refrigeration equipment imported. Placement of ventilation equipment for exhaust systems - in ventilation chambers, as well as under the ceiling of serviced premises. Supply, exhaust installations and equipment for smoke ventilation systems - imported and domestic production. Smoke exhaust systems were designed from floor corridors without natural lighting, as well as air overpressure into fire-safe zones for MGN and into the elevator shaft for transporting fire departments. The project documentation provides for measures for noise suppression, and fire protection ...