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Design work, construction and commissioning of veterinary facilities

The design of the construction, reconstruction of specialized veterinary facilities (farms, complexes) for the maintenance (cultivation) of breeding animals of commercial reproduction, as well as the fattening of pigs, is carried out according to projects developed in accordance with applicable standards and legislation, other regulatory documents. Specialists of the State Veterinary Service participate in the examination and approval of planning and construction projects for livestock farms and other veterinary facilities. The territory of the farm, the complex is separated from residential areas, settlements by an established sanitary protection zone in accordance with the State Building Regulations of the Russian Federation. The commissioning of all veterinary facilities without exception is allowed after the completion of the construction phase of all facilities, treatment facilities provided for by the design decision, the acceptance of supervisory authorities and preventive disinfection. The territory of small personal peasant and small agricultural enterprises is planned in such a way as to have a separate place for storing manure, a separate water supply and sanitation. The area of ​​the land plot must ensure the full use, storage and processing of organic residues (manure) or its sale after processing and disinfection by its biothermal transformation into a compost mixture. Veterinary facilities must provide a closed mode of operation. It is not recommended to create forest plantations of trees and bushes around the premises to reduce the likelihood of their settlement by synanthropic and wild animals. A disinfection block or disinfection barriers are placed at the main entrance to the territory of an enterprise or institution in order to block them from veterinary checkpoints. The disinfection barrier must ensure the disinfection of vehicles; when using liquid disinfection barriers, the length of the water surface must be at least 9 meters. The veterinary station consists of an outpatient clinic and a diagnostic department. The outpatient department consists of rooms for specialists, a pharmacy, a room with a refrigerator for storing biological products, a sterilization room, an autopsy room and a composition for disinfectants. The veterinary station is placed and / or blocked by a veterinarian. If possible, the slaughterhouse is blocked by a veterinary laboratory (if any) or a veterinary station and placed on the fence line of the enterprise. As part of such a point, they design: a slaughter department with premises for slaughtering pigs, opening the gastrointestinal tract of animals, salting skins and temporary storage of animal carcasses and skins, a disposal department, an autopsy department with a recycling chamber and a shower room. The covering of the walls of these compartments should be smooth, without protrusions and ensure their daily washing and disinfection. The slaughterhouse must be located at a distance of at least 50 m from the premises for quarantine and premises where animals are kept. The projects of the recycling departments should provide for the installation of autoclaves or furnaces for burning corpses. In order to utilize raw materials with the help of autoclaves, two rooms should be designed: a room for raw materials and a room for the disposal of confiscated goods. An autoclave is installed in the wall between these rooms, its filling is carried out in the room for raw materials, and unloading in the room for neutralized confiscations. If the veterinary enterprise is located in the area of ​​activity of industrial facilities for the production of meat and bone meal, the slaughter and sanitary station is designed without a disposal section. In this case, as part of the slaughter and sanitary facility of the veterinary facility, an isolation chamber (refrigerator) is equipped for short-term (up to 3 days) storage of corpses and confiscated items. The slaughterhouse includes rooms for slaughtering animals and rooms for storing slaughter products. The slaughter site is located in the production area further (at least 50 m) from the pigsties and is surrounded by a solid fence. An animal quarantine room provided for serving one veterinary complex (farm) is located separately from the production premises of the farm, complex, enclosed with a solid or mesh fence at least 2 meters high and equipped with an independent entrance (exit). The dimensions of the building for quarantine determine the cyclogram for the arrival and movement of animals based on the duration of quarantine for each group of animals in isolated sections for the required period - 30 days and the period of sanitization and disinfection of the vacated rooms - at least 4 days. It is assumed that there will be a room for storage and disposal of veterinary drugs and tools, for storage of feed, inventory. Veterinary checkpoints are being built on the line of demarcation between the administrative and economic and industrial zones. The composition and parameters of sanitary and household rooms for service personnel are designed in accordance with the design standards. In addition, veterinary checkpoints include facilities for disinfection, washing and drying of special clothing and footwear. A XNUMX-hour watch is established at the checkpoint of veterinarians. Disinfection barriers (cuvettes with carpets or sawdust) moistened with a disinfectant solution are installed in front of the entrance to the veterinary checkpoints, both from the outside territory and from the industrial zone. The size of the Disinfection Barrier should exclude the possibility of it being bypassed by the visitor. Veterinary checkpoints include a number of rooms equipped with walk-through showers that provide all working personnel with the necessary processing. Such shower cabins are installed in such a way that all workers, when entering and leaving the farm, pass through them. Vets are divided into "clean" and "dirty" zones. In the "dirty" zone of the sanitary checkpoint, employees take off their personal clothes and shoes, leave them in the dressing room for personal clothes (in the closet) assigned to each employee, take a shower and in the "clean" zone put on disinfected special clothes and shoes in the dressing room. The movement of clothing between the "clean" and "dirty" areas is prohibited. After finishing work, they take off their overalls and special shoes, take a shower and put on their own clothes. Veterinary facilities must be equipped with a sewerage system for wastewater disposal. An artificial insemination point for a large enterprise is located on the territory of a breeding reproducer or an industrial complex.